Articles
Productivity of cassava as affected by precision management under humid tropical environment in India
Article number
1118_3
Pages
17 – 24
Language
English
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is the most prominent crop among tropical tuber crops having food, fuel and industrial uses.
Field experiments were carried out in Kerala, India during three summer seasons, 2009-2010, 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 to investigate the response of cassava to micro irrigation and fertigation schedules.
The treatments comprised of three levels of drip irrigation viz., (I1 – Irrigation at 100% pan evaporation (PE), I2 – 80% PE and I3 – 60% PE) and three fertigation schedules viz., three proportions of recommended dose of nitrogen and potassium (F1 – 50:30:20, F2 – 30:50:20 and F3 – 50:40:10) applied at growth stages of 1-40 days, 40-80 days and 80-120 days after planting respectively.
Flood irrigation and a rainfed crop were kept for comparison.
Full phosphorus was applied as basal dose prior to planting.
Two node cuttings or Minisetts of cultivar Sree Vijaya (6 months) were planted during December.
The best combination was worked out based on growth indices, yield attributes, tuber yield and economics.
Pooled data analysis indicated that irrigation at 100% PE in combination with 50% of N and K applied during 1-40 days, 30% during 40-80 days and 20% during 80-120 days resulted in maximum tuber yield (44.6 t ha-1). The highest benefit-cost ratio (2.48) was also recorded for this combination.
Water productivity of cassava was found to be 8.2 kg m-3 under I1 level of irrigation compared to 4.2 kg m-3 under rainfed conditions and 2.6 kg m-3 under flood irrigation.
On an average, water requirement of cassava was worked out to be 3.0 mm per day during summer months.
Field experiments were carried out in Kerala, India during three summer seasons, 2009-2010, 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 to investigate the response of cassava to micro irrigation and fertigation schedules.
The treatments comprised of three levels of drip irrigation viz., (I1 – Irrigation at 100% pan evaporation (PE), I2 – 80% PE and I3 – 60% PE) and three fertigation schedules viz., three proportions of recommended dose of nitrogen and potassium (F1 – 50:30:20, F2 – 30:50:20 and F3 – 50:40:10) applied at growth stages of 1-40 days, 40-80 days and 80-120 days after planting respectively.
Flood irrigation and a rainfed crop were kept for comparison.
Full phosphorus was applied as basal dose prior to planting.
Two node cuttings or Minisetts of cultivar Sree Vijaya (6 months) were planted during December.
The best combination was worked out based on growth indices, yield attributes, tuber yield and economics.
Pooled data analysis indicated that irrigation at 100% PE in combination with 50% of N and K applied during 1-40 days, 30% during 40-80 days and 20% during 80-120 days resulted in maximum tuber yield (44.6 t ha-1). The highest benefit-cost ratio (2.48) was also recorded for this combination.
Water productivity of cassava was found to be 8.2 kg m-3 under I1 level of irrigation compared to 4.2 kg m-3 under rainfed conditions and 2.6 kg m-3 under flood irrigation.
On an average, water requirement of cassava was worked out to be 3.0 mm per day during summer months.
Authors
S. Sunitha, J. George, J. Sreekumar
Keywords
Manihot esculenta, micro irrigation, fertigation, water use efficiency, water productivity, B:C ratio
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