Home > XI International Workshop on Fire Blight > TESTING THEORIES ON OVER-WINTERING TWIG BLIGHT, PRE-BLOOM DISEASE, SHOOT BLIGHT AND STEM INVASION

Articles

TESTING THEORIES ON OVER-WINTERING TWIG BLIGHT, PRE-BLOOM DISEASE, SHOOT BLIGHT AND STEM INVASION

Article number

793_12

Pages

105 – 115

Language

English

Abstract

For fire blight risk assessment, a good understanding of the biology of the disease is needed.
Concepts concerning the epidemiology of fire blight and migration routes of the pathogen in host tissues are working hypotheses.
As such, they need continual reassessment and adjustment if necessary.
This report describes the development of the authors current concepts based on field observations in England, on published reports from other countries and on the results of experimental approaches.
The epidemiology of blossom blight has been well described by others so the focus here is on late-season and pre-bloom infection risks and migration routes following infection.
The report concludes with a list of working hypotheses, aimed at providing a basis for discussion and at encouraging further research in areas of uncertainty.

Publication

XI International Workshop on Fire Blight

Authors

E. Billing

Keywords

apple, pear, hawthorn, cankers, epidemiology, migration

Full text

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.793.12

Online Articles (83)

1. HOW COOL TEMPERATURES AFFECT ERWINIA AMYLOVORA POPULATIONS ON THE APPLE STIGMA SURFACE

M.M. Dewdney | R.C. Seem | H.S. Aldwinckle | A.M. Svircev | W.-S. Kim

2. BLOSSOMS OF INFECTED PEAR TREES MAY BE SOURCES OF EARLY INOCULUM FOR FIRE BLIGHT (ERWINIA AMYLOVORA)

E. Moltmann | M. Viehrig

3. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF APPLE HYPANTHIUM TO ERWINIA AMYLOVORA IN RELATION TO FLOWER AGE AND COUGARBLIGHT MODEL

P.L. Pusey | T.J. Smith

4. EPIPHYTIC GROWTH OF A PATHOGENIC AND AN AVIRULENT STRAIN OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA ON PEAR AND APPLE FLOWERS IN RELATION TO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

K.B. Johnson | T.L. Sawyer | V.O. Stockwell | T.N. Temple

5. METABOLIC ROLE OF LUXS, PUTATIVE AUTOINDUCER-2 SYNTHASE, IN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

F. Rezzonico | B. Duffy

6. BIOFILM FORMATION IN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA: IMPLICATIONS IN PATHOGENICITY

J. Koczan | M. McGrath | G.W. Sundin | Y. Zhao

7. EVALUATION OF LIKELIHOOD OF CO-OCCURRENCE OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA WITH MATURE FRUIT OF WINTER PEAR

T.N. Temple | V.O. Stockwell | K.B. Johnson | P.L. Pusey

8. ERWINIA AMYLOVORA SURVIVES IN NATURAL WATER

E.G. Biosca | R.D. Santander | M. Ordax | E. Marco-Noales | M.M. López

9. BACTERIAL ISOLATES INHABITING JAPANESE PEAR FLOWERS AND THEIR POTENTIAL PATHOGENICITY

A. Sasaki | T. Shimane | K. Azegami | T. Matsuura | Y. Inoue

10. ANTHERS ACT AS “TINDER” AND “RESERVOIR” FOR ERWINIA AMYLOVORA TO INFECT PEAR BLOSSOMS – OBSERVATION OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA TAGGED WITH BIOLUMINESCENCE GENES ON PEAR SURFACES

K. Azegami | T. Matsuura | Y. Inoue | A. Sasaki | T. Shimane

11. THE EFFECT OF APPLE BLOSSOM AGE ON POPULATIONS OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA ON THE STIGMA SURFACE

M.M. Dewdney | M.M. R.C.Seem | H.S. Aldwinckle

12. TESTING THEORIES ON OVER-WINTERING TWIG BLIGHT, PRE-BLOOM DISEASE, SHOOT BLIGHT AND STEM INVASION

E. Billing

13. SCREENING FOR ERWINIA BILLINGIAE AND E. TASMANIENSIS IN FIELD ISOLATES, DIFFERENTIATION BY SEQUENCE ANALYSIS AND EFFECTS AS ANTAGONISTS

K. Geider | S. Jock | M. Sulikowska

14. MOLECULAR STUDY OF ERWINIA PYRIFOLIAE STRAINS BY PLASMID PROFILE, PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS AND PCR

15. THE NEW PLASMID pEI70 IS PRESENT IN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA EUROPEAN STRAINS

16. DESCRIPTION OF ERWINIA PIRIFLORINIGRANS SP. NOV., CAUSAL AGENT OF PEAR BLOSSOM NECROSIS

17. THE GENOMIC SEQUENCE OF THE FIRE BLIGHT ANTAGONIST ERWINIA TASMANIENSIS COMPARED WITH VIRULENCE REGIONS OF E. AMYLOVORA

M. Kube | R. Reinhardt | V. Jakovljevic | S. Jock | K. Geider

18. STUDY OF THE VIRULENCE IN WILD-TYPE STRAINS OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA DEVOID OF THE PLASMID pEA29

P. Llop | M.M. López | J. Cabrefiga | L. Ruz | E. Montesinos

19. PHYLOGENIC ANALYSES OF THE FIRE BLIGHT PATHOGEN AND CLOSELY RELATED BACTERIA AND DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMER SETS OF BASED ON PHYLOGENIC DIFFERENCE

20. WHAT WILL A GENOME SEQUENCE DO FOR FIRE BLIGHT RESEARCH? PECTOBACTERIUM ATROSEPTICUM AND POTATO – A CASE STUDY

21. CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE GENOME SEQUENCE OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA TO THE FIRE BLIGHT COMMUNITY

22. A SIMPLE GENETIC TOOL FOR STUDYING GENE FUNCTION AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

Y.F. Zhao | G.W. Sundin

23. COMPARATIVE PROTEOME ANALYSIS FROM ERWINIA AMYLOVORA GROWN IN VITRO AND IN PLANTA

M. Thoelen | J.P. Noben | J. Robben | R. Valcke | T. Deckers

24. COMPARATIVE PROTEOME ANALYSIS OF FOUR ERWINIA AMYLOVORA STRAINS WITH DIFFERENT PATHOGENICITY

M. Thoelen | J.P. Noben | J. Robben | R. Valcke | T. Deckers

25. A MICROARRAY APPROACH TO ANALYSE TRANSCRIPTIONAL CHANGES IN APPLE AFTER INFECTION BY ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

I. Pontais | T. Dugé de Bernonville | J.-P. Paulin | M.-N. Brisset

26. TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSE OF MALUS TO ERWINIA AMYLOVORA INFECTION

27. IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING OF GENES DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED DURING INTERACTION OF RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE APPLE CULTIVARS (MALUS × DOMESTICA) WITH ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

28. THE WtsE VIRULENCE EFFECTOR FROM PANTOEA STEWARTII, A PLANT SIGNAL MIMIC?

D.L. Coplin | D.R. Majerczak | J.-H. Ham | D. Mackey

29. eop1 DIFFERS IN STRAINS OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA THAT DIFFER IN HOST SPECIFICITY

J.E. Asselin | K.N. Yip | S.V. Beer

30. TYPE III EFFECTORS OF E. AMYLOVORA: SYNERGISTIC AND ANTAGONISTIC EFFECTS

31. THE hrp GENES CLUSTER IN ERWINIA PYRIFOLIAE AND DETERMINATION OF HR ACTIVE DOMAIN IN HrpN_Ep PROTEIN

32. TRANSLOCATION AND CHAPERONE INTERACTION OF THE ERWINIA AMYLOVORA SECRETED EFFECTOR DspE

L. Triplett | M. Melotto | S.Y. He | G. Sundin

33. EXPRESSION OF THE TYPE III SECRETION CHAPERONE PROTEIN DSPF OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA IN APPLE INCREASES RESISTANCE TO FIRE BLIGHT

M. Malnoy | E.E. Borejsza-Wysocka | H.S. Aldwinckle | M. Mellotto | S.Y. He

34. TRANSGENIC EXPRESSION OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA EFFECTORS eop1 AND hopC_Ea IN APPLE

D.A. Lalli | T.S. Artlip | M.E. Wisniewski | J.L. Norelli | R.E. Farrell, Jr.

35. ARE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS INVOLVED IN THE DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSES OF APPLE GENOTYPES TO ERWINIA AMYLOVORA?

I. Pontais | J.P. Paulin | M.N. Brisset | D. Treutter

36. AUTOINDUCER IN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

37. AcrAB-TolC DIRECTS EFFLUX-MEDIATED RESISTANCE TOWARDS PHYTOALEXINS IN THE PLANT PATHOGEN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

N. Al-Karablieh | A. Burse | H. Weingart | M. Ullrich

38. SILENCING OF HIPM, THE APPLE PROTEIN THAT INTERACTS WITH HrpN OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

39. THE C-TERMINAL HALF OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA HrpN (HARPIN) PLAYS AN ESSENTIAL ROLE IN ITS SECRETION, VIRULENCE, AND HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE-ELICITING ACTIVITIES

40. THIAMIN BIOSYNTHESIS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE PRODUCTION: A NEW COMPONENT OF VIRULENCE IDENTIFIED ON ERWINIA AMYLOVORA PLASMID pEA29

G.C. McGhee | G.W. Sundin

41. SORBITOL HAS NO ROLE IN FIRE BLIGHT AS DEMONSTRATED USING TRANSGENIC APPLE WITH CONSTITUTIVELY ALTERED CONTENT

B. Duffy | A.M. Dandekar

42. IMPROVED FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN TRANSGENIC APPLE LINES BY CONSTITUTIVE OVEREXPRESSION OF THE mbr4 GENE OF MALUS BACCATA

43. INCREASED RESISTANCE TO FIRE BLIGHT BY EXPRESSION OF THE Phi-Ea1h PHAGE DEPOLYMERASE GENE WITH CONSTITUTIVE AND INDUCIBLE PROMOTERS, TRANSLATION ENHANCER AND SIGNAL SEQUENCE IN TRANSGENIC APPLE

44. CONFIRMATION OF THE FIRE BLIGHT QTL OF MALUS × ROBUSTA 5 ON LINKAGE GROUP 3

45. EFFECTS OF PEAR TREE PHYSIOLOGY ON FIRE BLIGHT PROGRESSION IN PERENNIAL BRANCHES AND ON EXPRESSION OF PATHOGENICITY GENES OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

E. Zamski | D. Blachinsky | D. Shtienberg | D. Weinthal | S. Manulis

46. NATURAL EPIDEMIC OF FIRE BLIGHT IN A NEWLY PLANTED ORCHARD AND EFFECT OF PRUNING ON DISEASE DEVELOPMENT

V. Toussaint | V. Philion

47. BUDAGOVSKY 9 ROOTSTOCK: UNCOVERING A NOVEL RESISTANCE TO FIRE BLIGHT

N.L. Russo | H.S. Aldwinckle | T.L. Robinson | G. Fazio

48. INVESTIGATING MECHANISMS OF FIRE BLIGHT CONTROL BY PROHEXADIONE-CALCIUM

M.J. McGrath | G.W. Sundin | M.M. Kennelly

49. INVESTIGATION ON THE INHERITANCE OF STRAIN SPECIFIC RESISTANCE TO ERWINIA AMYLOVORA IN AN APPLE ROOTSTOCK SEGREGATING POPULATION

G. Fazio | Y. Wan | N.L. Russo | H.S. Aldwinckle

50. ESTIMATING COMBINING ABILITY FOR FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN APPLE PROGENIES

C.R. Hampson | P.L. Sholberg

51. FIRE BLIGHT INCIDENCE ON MALUS SIEVERSII GROWN IN NEW YORK AND MINNESOTA

P.L. Forsline | J.J. Luby | H.S. Aldwinckle

52. SORBUS SP. – NEW HOST OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA IN SERBIA

53. THE USDA QUINCE AND PEAR GENEBANK IN OREGON, A WORLD SOURCE OF FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE

J.D. Postman

54. EFFECTS OF WATER STRESS/DROUGHT ON FIRE BLIGHT

P.L. Sholberg | J. Boulé

55. EMERGENCE AND PROGRESSION OF STREPTOMYCIN RESISTANCE IN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA IN MICHIGAN

G.C. McGhee | L. Bellomo | S.E. Blumer | G.W. Sundin

56. DETECTION OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA STRAINS WITH REDUCED SENSITIVITY TO CURRENTLY REGISTERED ANTIBIOTICS AND MANAGEMENT OF FIRE BLIGHT OF POME FRUITS USING KASUGAMYCIN IN INTEGRATED STRATEGIES

57. INTEGRATED CONTROL OF FIRE BLIGHT WITH ANTAGONISTS AND OXYTETRACYCLINE

V.O. Stockwell | T.N. Temple | K.B. Johnson | J.E. Loper

58. PRESENCE OF GENES HOMOLOGOUS TO THOSE NECESSARY FOR SYNTHESIS OF MICROCIN MccEh252 IN STRAINS OF PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS

J.L. Vanneste | J. Yu | D.A. Cornish

59. PHAGE-BASED BIOPESTICIDES: CHARACTERIZATION OF PHAGE RESISTANCE AND HOST RANGE FOR SUSTAINABILITY

D.R. Roach | A.J. Castle | A.M. Svircev | F.A. Tumini

60. STUDIES ON ANTAGONISTIC YEAST SPECIES AGAINST ERWINIA AMYLOVORA IN CO-CULTURE AND ON APPLE BLOSSOMS

W. Jelkmann | A. Lindner

61. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF FIRE BLIGHT ON APPLE BLOSSOMS AND SHOOTS WITH EPIPHYTIC AND SOIL BACTERIA

P. Sobiczewski | A. Mikiciński | S. Berczyński | J. Puławska

62. ABSENCE OF STREPTOMYCIN RESISTANCE GENES IN ANTIBIOTIC FORMULATIONS

F. Rezzonico | B. Duffy | V.O. Stockwell

63. SPREAD AND IDENTIFICATION OF STREPTOMYCIN RESISTANT ISOLATES IN NEW YORK

N.L. Russo | T.J. Burr | H.S. Aldwinckle | D. Breth

64. EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTICS AND PLANT EXTRACTS FOR CONTROL OF STREPTOMYCIN-RESISTANT ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

P.L. Sholberg | J. Boulé

65. SURVIVAL OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA ON APPLE FLOWERS TREATED WITH ANTIBACTERIAL IMINOPYRROLIDINE COMPOUNDS

J.L. Vanneste | R.J. Boyd | D.A. Cornish | J. Yu | R.E. Mitchell

66. SURVEY RESULTS OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA IN UTAH FOR RESISTANCE TO STREPTOMYCIN AND INVESTIGATIONS COMPARING KASUGAMYCIN (KASUMIN) TO STREPTOMYCIN AND OXYTETRACYCLINE FOR CONTROL OF FIRE BLIGHT

C.K. Evans

67. EVALUATION OF KASUGAMYCIN AS A COMPONENT OF AN INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL STRATEGY FOR SUPPRESSION OF BLOSSOM BLIGHT

K.B. Johnson | V.O. Stockwell | T.N. Temple

68. EFFICACY OF BACTERICIDES AND BIOLOGICAL ANTAGONISTS FOR THE CONTROL OF FIRE BLIGHT OF APPLE IN THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY OF CALIFORNIA

B.A. Holtz | T. Martin-Duvall | J.E. Adaskaveg | S.E. Lindow

69. IMPROVED BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF FIRE BLIGHT OF PEAR AND APPLE BY INTRODUCTION OF ANTAGONISTIC BACTERIA INTO UNOPENED FLOWERS

S.E. Lindow | B.A. Holtz | R.E. Elkins

70. MECHANISMS OF PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS STRAIN E325 AS ANTAGONIST OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

P.L. Pusey | D.R. Rudell | V.O. Stockwell

71. USE OF HONEYBEES (APIS MELLIFERA) AS VECTORS FOR FIRE BLIGHT ANTAGONISTS IN FIELD EXPERIMENTS

72. SIMULATIVE ANALYSES OF APPLE AND PEAR BLOOM RISKS IN BULGARIA WITH MARYBLYT 4.3

S.G. Bobev | G. Lightner

73. GUIDANCE ON THE USE OF BILLING’S INTEGRATED SYSTEM (BIS) FOR FIRE BLIGHT RISK ASSESSMENT

E. Billing

74. AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS FOR FIRE BLIGHT INFECTION RISKS IN VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA

S.C. Gouk

75. DEVELOPMENT OF A RAPID DETECTION METHOD FOR ERWINIA AMYLOVORA BY LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION (LAMP)

T.N. Temple | V.O. Stockwell | K.B. Johnson

76. EVALUATION OF PCR-BASED PROTOCOLS FOR THE DETECTION OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

R. Powney | K. Plummer | J. Luck | B. Rodoni | S.V. Beer

77. SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA STRAINS WITH AND WITHOUT PLASMID pEA29 AND OF ANTAGONISTIC BACTERIA BY REAL-TIME PCR

K. Geider | W. Zeller | M. Mohammadi | E. Moltman

78. DETECTION OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA IN SYMPTOMLESS APPLE PLANTS BY BIO-PCR AND BIO-DUPLEX PCR

J.L. Vanneste | J. Yu | R.J. Boyd | D.A. Cornish

79. DIRECT REAL-TIME PCR: TOWARDS RAPID AND COST EFFECTIVE APPLICATION IN FIRE BLIGHT DIAGNOSIS

W.-S. Kim | A.M. Svircev | V.O. Stockwell | A.J. Castle

80. USING REAL-TIME PCR TO STUDY COMPETITION BETWEEN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA AND ERWINIA PYRIFOLIAE

S.M. Lehman | A.J. Castle | W.S. Kim | A.M. Svircev

81. POTENTIAL OF SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE (SPR) FOR THE RAPID IDENTIFICATION OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

J.L. Vanneste | J. Yuan | J. Yu | Y. Wu

82. REAL-TIME PCR FOR TESTING OF SYMPTOMLESS FIRE BLIGHT SAMPLES

M. Pirc | T. Dreo | M. Ravnikar

83. PINK ERWINIA AMYLOVORA: COLONY DISCOLORATION IN DIAGNOSTIC ISOLATIONS BY CO-CULTURED BACTERIA

V.O. Stockwell | K. Hockett | C. Marie | B. Duffy