Articles
FLOWERING PHYSIOLOGY OF CHRYSANTHEMUM
Article number
1025_20
Pages
135 – 142
Language
English
Abstract
Chrysanthemum constitutes an important floricultural crop in the world flower market.
Understanding of their growth and flowering physiology is necessary to achieve stable year-round cut flower production.
Dormancy and photoperiodism are two important elements by which chrysanthemum growth and flowering are characterized.
Recently, the elucidation of flowering physiology based on molecular genetics has progressed rapidly.
FT protein in Arabidopsis thaliana and Hd3a protein in rice, which are produced in leaves, move to apical meristems and induce a strongly reproductive transition.
Those proteins can be regarded as florigens: the final cues for flowering.
Chrysanthemums transformed with foreign florigen genes show reproductive transition under non-inductive conditions, suggesting that chrysanthemums have the same flowering pathway as A. thaliana and rice.
The study of molecular genetics in chrysanthemum requires a model plant because greenhouse chrysanthemums are hexaploids and are genetically highly heterozygous.
Using Chrysanthemum seticuspe f. boreale, a promising candidate as a model plant, some flowering-related genes such as florigen gene CsFTL3 were isolated from the wild diploid chrysanthemum.
Function analyses are in progress.
Understanding of their growth and flowering physiology is necessary to achieve stable year-round cut flower production.
Dormancy and photoperiodism are two important elements by which chrysanthemum growth and flowering are characterized.
Recently, the elucidation of flowering physiology based on molecular genetics has progressed rapidly.
FT protein in Arabidopsis thaliana and Hd3a protein in rice, which are produced in leaves, move to apical meristems and induce a strongly reproductive transition.
Those proteins can be regarded as florigens: the final cues for flowering.
Chrysanthemums transformed with foreign florigen genes show reproductive transition under non-inductive conditions, suggesting that chrysanthemums have the same flowering pathway as A. thaliana and rice.
The study of molecular genetics in chrysanthemum requires a model plant because greenhouse chrysanthemums are hexaploids and are genetically highly heterozygous.
Using Chrysanthemum seticuspe f. boreale, a promising candidate as a model plant, some flowering-related genes such as florigen gene CsFTL3 were isolated from the wild diploid chrysanthemum.
Function analyses are in progress.
Authors
S. Fukai
Keywords
cut flowers, flowering-related gene, florigen, photoperiodism, dormancy
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