Articles
Effect of major viruses and fungi infecting seed bulb and true shallot seed on disease incidence and yield of shallot in Indonesia
Article number
1398_6
Pages
39 – 46
Language
English
Abstract
Shallot is one of the most important vegetable crops in Indonesia.
The use of true shallot seed (TSS) as starting material is recommended to improve productivity of shallot in Indonesia.
Preliminary study was conducted as field experiment to detect major viruses and fungi from initial planting materials (TSS and seed bulb), and harvested bulbs and to compare the growth and yield of TSS and seed bulb crops.
Virus and fungi detection was based on serological assay and morphology observations, respectively.
Field experiment involved growing TSS and seed bulb crops of four shallot cultivars, i.e., Bima, Bauji, Thailand, and Tuk-Tuk. Infection of viruses on TSS was not detected, meanwhile high incidence of OYDV, SLV, GCLV, and SYSV, was detected from seed bulbs. Fusarium solani was successfully isolated from both TSS and seed bulb; whereas F. oxysporum was only found in the seed bulbs.
Disease incidence in the field caused by viral infection was lower in the TSS crops (up to 5.6%) than those in seed bulb crops (up to 93.6%). Likewise with basal rot disease caused by F. oxysporum infection, disease incidence reached up to 5.6% and 100% in the TSS and seed bulb crops, respectively.
The average of viral and fungal infection on bulbs harvested from seed bulb crops was also higher than those from TSS crops.
Over all growth of TSS crops was better than seed bulb crops; this corresponds also to the better yield of TSS crops (11.1-12.3% t ha‑1) than seed bulb crops (5.2-6.2 t ha‑1).
The use of true shallot seed (TSS) as starting material is recommended to improve productivity of shallot in Indonesia.
Preliminary study was conducted as field experiment to detect major viruses and fungi from initial planting materials (TSS and seed bulb), and harvested bulbs and to compare the growth and yield of TSS and seed bulb crops.
Virus and fungi detection was based on serological assay and morphology observations, respectively.
Field experiment involved growing TSS and seed bulb crops of four shallot cultivars, i.e., Bima, Bauji, Thailand, and Tuk-Tuk. Infection of viruses on TSS was not detected, meanwhile high incidence of OYDV, SLV, GCLV, and SYSV, was detected from seed bulbs. Fusarium solani was successfully isolated from both TSS and seed bulb; whereas F. oxysporum was only found in the seed bulbs.
Disease incidence in the field caused by viral infection was lower in the TSS crops (up to 5.6%) than those in seed bulb crops (up to 93.6%). Likewise with basal rot disease caused by F. oxysporum infection, disease incidence reached up to 5.6% and 100% in the TSS and seed bulb crops, respectively.
The average of viral and fungal infection on bulbs harvested from seed bulb crops was also higher than those from TSS crops.
Over all growth of TSS crops was better than seed bulb crops; this corresponds also to the better yield of TSS crops (11.1-12.3% t ha‑1) than seed bulb crops (5.2-6.2 t ha‑1).
Publication
Authors
S.H. Hidayat, A.S. Saputri, H. Harti, E.T. Tondok
Keywords
Allium cepa, basal rot, dot immunobinding assay, Fusarium oxysporum, seed health testing
Groups involved
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