Articles
Nitrogen fertilization rate affects the biomass yield, the cynaropicrin, caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids content in cultivated cardoon
Article number
1424_23
Pages
187 – 194
Language
English
Abstract
Cultivated cardoon is a source of natural antioxidants, mainly caffeoylquinic acids (CCs), flavonoids (Fs) and cynaropicrin (Cp), which have several important effects on human health, by reducing the risk of some chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
The content of these compounds is influenced by a large number of biotic and abiotic factors such as genotype, climatic conditions and agro-technical processes.
The nitrogen (N) fertilization effect on the level of natural antioxidants has not yet been examined.
With this study, the influence of N fertilizer rate (0 kg ha-1 as a control, 200 and 400 kg ha-1 referred to as N0, N200 and N400, respectively) on the total CCs, Fs, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and Cp content of cultivated cardoon leaf blades was investigated over two harvest times.
The leaf blades yield was also considered.
The polyphenols profile was determined by HPLC analysis.
Our data showed that N0 reported the lowest leaf blades yield (2.7 t ha-1 DM) and the greatest content of all phytochemical compounds respect to both N1 and N2, except for Cp content.
In spring harvest, it was observed an increase of about 40, 31and 5%, respectively, for leaf blades yield, total content of Cp and Fs respect to winter harvest.
These results underlined that the content of natural antioxidants in cultivated cardoon leaf blades, along with yield performance, could be modulated by N fertilization rate and harvest time.
The content of these compounds is influenced by a large number of biotic and abiotic factors such as genotype, climatic conditions and agro-technical processes.
The nitrogen (N) fertilization effect on the level of natural antioxidants has not yet been examined.
With this study, the influence of N fertilizer rate (0 kg ha-1 as a control, 200 and 400 kg ha-1 referred to as N0, N200 and N400, respectively) on the total CCs, Fs, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and Cp content of cultivated cardoon leaf blades was investigated over two harvest times.
The leaf blades yield was also considered.
The polyphenols profile was determined by HPLC analysis.
Our data showed that N0 reported the lowest leaf blades yield (2.7 t ha-1 DM) and the greatest content of all phytochemical compounds respect to both N1 and N2, except for Cp content.
In spring harvest, it was observed an increase of about 40, 31and 5%, respectively, for leaf blades yield, total content of Cp and Fs respect to winter harvest.
These results underlined that the content of natural antioxidants in cultivated cardoon leaf blades, along with yield performance, could be modulated by N fertilization rate and harvest time.
Authors
G. Pandino, F. Gattesco, E. De Combarieu, E. Salvagno, G.R. Pesce, A. Scandurra, G. Patanè, S. Lombardo
Keywords
Cynara cardunculus, cardoon form, leaves, flavonoids, caffeoylquinic acids, cynaropicrin
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