Articles
Effects of size-controlling rootstocks on apple fruit production, quality, leaf mineral nutrients, and ethylene over several years
Article number
1432_9
Pages
63 – 70
Language
English
Abstract
Effects of rootstocks on apple (Malus × domestica ‘Aztec Fuji’) tree yield and fruit quality attributes at harvest over 2012-2015, on leaf minerals over 2012-2014, and on fruit evolved ethylene in 2020, under conditions of the Intermountain West region of the United States was studied.
Cumulative yield in trees on CG.4004, CG.3001, G.935N, and CG.5222 were higher, while those PiAu9-90, B.71-7-22, G.20-34, and CG.4003 were lower than trees on other rootstocks.
On average, trees on CG.3001, CG.4004, CG.5222, G.41N, G.41TC, and B.70-20-20 had larger fruit while those on B.7-20-21, CG.4003 and PiAu9-90 had smaller fruit.
Fruit from trees on B.7-20-21 had the highest soluble solids concentration (SSC) and firmness, but those on B.70-20-20 were among trees with lower color, SSC and firmness.
Fruits on G.41TC, G.935N, G.935TC, and Supp.3 had more advanced starch degradation (SDP) while those on CG.5087, PiAu 9-90, PiAu-51-11 had lower SDP. On average, trees on B.7-20-21, G.11, and G.41N had higher leaf N but those on CG.2034, PiAu9-99, and Supp. 3 had lower leaf N. Trees on B. 64-194, B. 70-20-20, and B. 67-5-32 had higher leaf K but those on G.935T, G.935N, G.4003, and B. 9 had lower leaf K. ‘Fuji’ trees on M.26 EMLA had high leaf Ca, Mg, and MN while those on PiAu 9-99 were among trees with lower leaf Ca and Mg.
Fruit ethylene in trees on Supp.3, G.3001, and G.202 were in the high-range but those on G.4004, G.41, and B.9 were in the mid-range and those on M.9Pajam2, M.26EMLA, and G.11 were in the low-range.
Overall, for ‘Aztec Fuji’ apple, G.4004 rootstock was a superior rootstock due its induction of larger fruit size and yield and lower fruit bitter pit.
Cumulative yield in trees on CG.4004, CG.3001, G.935N, and CG.5222 were higher, while those PiAu9-90, B.71-7-22, G.20-34, and CG.4003 were lower than trees on other rootstocks.
On average, trees on CG.3001, CG.4004, CG.5222, G.41N, G.41TC, and B.70-20-20 had larger fruit while those on B.7-20-21, CG.4003 and PiAu9-90 had smaller fruit.
Fruit from trees on B.7-20-21 had the highest soluble solids concentration (SSC) and firmness, but those on B.70-20-20 were among trees with lower color, SSC and firmness.
Fruits on G.41TC, G.935N, G.935TC, and Supp.3 had more advanced starch degradation (SDP) while those on CG.5087, PiAu 9-90, PiAu-51-11 had lower SDP. On average, trees on B.7-20-21, G.11, and G.41N had higher leaf N but those on CG.2034, PiAu9-99, and Supp. 3 had lower leaf N. Trees on B. 64-194, B. 70-20-20, and B. 67-5-32 had higher leaf K but those on G.935T, G.935N, G.4003, and B. 9 had lower leaf K. ‘Fuji’ trees on M.26 EMLA had high leaf Ca, Mg, and MN while those on PiAu 9-99 were among trees with lower leaf Ca and Mg.
Fruit ethylene in trees on Supp.3, G.3001, and G.202 were in the high-range but those on G.4004, G.41, and B.9 were in the mid-range and those on M.9Pajam2, M.26EMLA, and G.11 were in the low-range.
Overall, for ‘Aztec Fuji’ apple, G.4004 rootstock was a superior rootstock due its induction of larger fruit size and yield and lower fruit bitter pit.
Authors
E. Fallahi, M.J. Keister, G. Fazio, B. Fallahi
Keywords
high density orchard, malus domestica, maturity, respiration
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