Articles
EXPERIENCE WITH PHYLLOXERA TOLERANT AND RESISTANT ROOTSTOCKS AT DIFFERENT VINEYARD SITES
Article number
617_12
Pages
85 – 93
Language
English
Abstract
The invasion and spread of grape Phylloxera at the end of the 19th century in Europe resulted in major grapevine breeding programs throughout Europe.
Most of the currently used V. berlandieri x V. riparia rootstocks were selected by Teleki or from Teleki’s progenies.
During the last 50-60 years the rootstocks of this origin, like Kober 5 BB, 5 C Geisenheim, SO4 and 125AA were introduced and have become the prevalent rootstocks in cool climate areas worldwide.
During the last two decades vineyard management has changed substantially.
Present viticulture is more and more characterized by less cultivation, the use of cover crops, permanent sod culture, restricted use of fertilizers, different vine spacing and training systems.
To account for these changes, rootstock trials were established at different sites in several German viticultural regions.
For this very presentation we selected three different vineyard sites with diverse growing conditions.
Site 1 (Hochheim, Rheingau) is a sandy loam soil with a high lime content, while the two other sites (Oberwesel, Mittelrhein and Leiwen, Mosel) are situated on steep slopes with weathered soil originating from slate.
Recent reports of Phylloxera damage on grafted vines indicate that new strategies in rootstock breeding are required.
Therefore Phylloxera resistant rootstock varieties have been also included in this trial.
Site and rootstock effects were particularly obvious in regards to yield.
Most rootstocks showed a site specific reaction, showing good performance only on one, not on all sites.
The results illustrate that the performance of some rootstocks, and rootstock hybrids with complete Phylloxera resistance showed similar performances in comparison to commonly used traditional rootstock varieties.
This indicates that Phylloxera resistant rootstock varieties present a similar performance like V. berlandieri x V. riparia varieties and therefore have the potential to complement the commercial rootstock collection in Europe in the future.
Most of the currently used V. berlandieri x V. riparia rootstocks were selected by Teleki or from Teleki’s progenies.
During the last 50-60 years the rootstocks of this origin, like Kober 5 BB, 5 C Geisenheim, SO4 and 125AA were introduced and have become the prevalent rootstocks in cool climate areas worldwide.
During the last two decades vineyard management has changed substantially.
Present viticulture is more and more characterized by less cultivation, the use of cover crops, permanent sod culture, restricted use of fertilizers, different vine spacing and training systems.
To account for these changes, rootstock trials were established at different sites in several German viticultural regions.
For this very presentation we selected three different vineyard sites with diverse growing conditions.
Site 1 (Hochheim, Rheingau) is a sandy loam soil with a high lime content, while the two other sites (Oberwesel, Mittelrhein and Leiwen, Mosel) are situated on steep slopes with weathered soil originating from slate.
Recent reports of Phylloxera damage on grafted vines indicate that new strategies in rootstock breeding are required.
Therefore Phylloxera resistant rootstock varieties have been also included in this trial.
Site and rootstock effects were particularly obvious in regards to yield.
Most rootstocks showed a site specific reaction, showing good performance only on one, not on all sites.
The results illustrate that the performance of some rootstocks, and rootstock hybrids with complete Phylloxera resistance showed similar performances in comparison to commonly used traditional rootstock varieties.
This indicates that Phylloxera resistant rootstock varieties present a similar performance like V. berlandieri x V. riparia varieties and therefore have the potential to complement the commercial rootstock collection in Europe in the future.
Authors
J. Schmid, F. Manty, E.H. Rühl
Keywords
rootstock, grapevine, breeding, resistance, tolerance, Vitis cinerea
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