Articles
GENEBANKING OF VEGETATIVELY PROPAGATED MEDICINAL PLANTS – TWO CASES: ALLIUM AND MENTHA
Article number
676_12
Pages
103 – 109
Language
English
Abstract
Allium and Mentha represent two genera with important species of medicinal and aromatic plants.
Large proportions of Allium (1000 of 3500) and Mentha accessions (160 of 220) are traditionally maintained vegetatively in field plots in the genebank of IPK Gatersleben.
The main species used for medicinal purposes (A. sativum and M. x piperita) are seed-sterile.
The field cultivation is endangered by risks (diseases, bad weather conditions). Studies were done on the field infection for LYSV, OYDV, GCLV, SLV and allexi viruses in garlic and some other Allium species.
Significant differences were found between species without infection (A. saxatile), species infested by one virus mostly (A. obliquum with LYSV, A. globosum with SLV) and multiple infection (A. sativum). Meristem culture was performed on 100 garlic accessions resulting in virus free clones in 95 of them.
Both medicinal plants were maintained in slow-growth culture cycles including storage at reduced temperature (2 or 10°C) on medium MS without hormones for 12 months (garlic) and 15 months (mint). Cryopreservation of garlic was successful with regrowth rates of 100% (clove explants) and 73-80% (bulbil explants). Lower success was achieved with material from in vitro culture.
The vitrification technique and the droplet method were compared.
Large proportions of Allium (1000 of 3500) and Mentha accessions (160 of 220) are traditionally maintained vegetatively in field plots in the genebank of IPK Gatersleben.
The main species used for medicinal purposes (A. sativum and M. x piperita) are seed-sterile.
The field cultivation is endangered by risks (diseases, bad weather conditions). Studies were done on the field infection for LYSV, OYDV, GCLV, SLV and allexi viruses in garlic and some other Allium species.
Significant differences were found between species without infection (A. saxatile), species infested by one virus mostly (A. obliquum with LYSV, A. globosum with SLV) and multiple infection (A. sativum). Meristem culture was performed on 100 garlic accessions resulting in virus free clones in 95 of them.
Both medicinal plants were maintained in slow-growth culture cycles including storage at reduced temperature (2 or 10°C) on medium MS without hormones for 12 months (garlic) and 15 months (mint). Cryopreservation of garlic was successful with regrowth rates of 100% (clove explants) and 73-80% (bulbil explants). Lower success was achieved with material from in vitro culture.
The vitrification technique and the droplet method were compared.
Authors
E.R.J. Keller, A. Senula, M. Dreiling
Keywords
garlic, mint, in vitro genebank, virus elimination, cryopreservation
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