Articles
COBERTURAS DE CAJETE, MANEJO DEL RIEGO Y RENDIMIENTO DE GUAYABA
Article number
849_46
Pages
381 – 386
Language
English
Abstract
Mexico is the second producer of guava in the world with approximately 20,000 hectares under cultivation.
Of these, 67% are located in the Calvillo-Tube region where the yield reaches 14±1 tons per hectare (SAGARPA, 2001). In Calvillo, some 2800 producers are dedicated to the production of guava on 7.600 hectares.
The orchards are irrigated by flood of cajete, using volumes in the order of 551 m3 ha-1 of irrigation-1. The area of guava cultivation is being reduced due to the insufficient water availability for irrigation.
The objective of the investigation consisted of reducing losses by evaporation by means of the cap of cajetes with organic materials and fitting the volumes of applied water to the requirements of the tree.
The treatments were: SM (without weeds), CM (with weeds), CM + PM (150 kg of ground straw of strubble maize), CM + EG (20 kg hen dung), CM+ EB (40 kg of bovine dung), CM+BIO (20 kg of biorgán), CM+ZEO (20 kg of zeorgán) and CM+HTEC (20 kg of humutec). The results indicate that the treatments in comparison to the control affected the water retention positively.
The treatments: CM+EG, CM+HTEC, CM+BIO and CM+PM surpassed the control (SM) in the number of fruits per m2 of producing surface.
The covers of cajete in guava favor the conservation of water, reduce erosion, and improve the nutrition of the guava plants.
Of these, 67% are located in the Calvillo-Tube region where the yield reaches 14±1 tons per hectare (SAGARPA, 2001). In Calvillo, some 2800 producers are dedicated to the production of guava on 7.600 hectares.
The orchards are irrigated by flood of cajete, using volumes in the order of 551 m3 ha-1 of irrigation-1. The area of guava cultivation is being reduced due to the insufficient water availability for irrigation.
The objective of the investigation consisted of reducing losses by evaporation by means of the cap of cajetes with organic materials and fitting the volumes of applied water to the requirements of the tree.
The treatments were: SM (without weeds), CM (with weeds), CM + PM (150 kg of ground straw of strubble maize), CM + EG (20 kg hen dung), CM+ EB (40 kg of bovine dung), CM+BIO (20 kg of biorgán), CM+ZEO (20 kg of zeorgán) and CM+HTEC (20 kg of humutec). The results indicate that the treatments in comparison to the control affected the water retention positively.
The treatments: CM+EG, CM+HTEC, CM+BIO and CM+PM surpassed the control (SM) in the number of fruits per m2 of producing surface.
The covers of cajete in guava favor the conservation of water, reduce erosion, and improve the nutrition of the guava plants.
Authors
A. de Luna-Jiménez, A. de J. Meraz-Jiménez, A. Ponce-Montoya, J. de J.L. Ruiz, J.M. de Lara
Keywords
irrigation, guava, covers of “cajete”, reduction of evaporation
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