Articles
EFFECT OF VARIOUS TREATMENTS ON REDUCTION OF LEUCOSPERMUM ‘HIGH GOLD’ MORTALITY CAUSED BY ROOT DISEASES
Article number
869_13
Pages
113 – 116
Language
English
Abstract
One of the major problems of Proteaceae cultivation in Madeira Island is the high incidence of root diseases caused mainly by Rosellinia necatrix and Armillaria mellea and secondarily by Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani, which lead to the death of plants older than 2 years.
The compactness of the soils as well as its richness in organic matter and in other nutrients, together with the climatic conditions of the island (moderate temperatures and a high relative humidity), facilitate the development of root diseases.
The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of various treatments in the reduction of mortality of 5-year-old Leucospermum High Gold plants.
The treatments consisted of the application to the roots of 1 L of the following solutions: iron sulphate (30 g/L) plus wettable sulphur (10 g/L) (T2 and T6), copper sulphate (25% copper) (20 g/L) with foliar application of Alga-E (15% of algae extracts) (1.5 ml/L) (T3 and T7), commercial bleach (30 ml/L) (T4 and T8), and Talo-sint (50% cubiet) (10 ml/L) (T5 and T9); the solutions were applied every 3 months (T2 to T5) or every 6 months (T6 to T9). After one year there were no significant differences between treatments, with a plant mortality of 4.8 to 14.3%. After two years, the lowest mortality was obtained with the application of commercial bleach every 6 months (T8) (28.6%); the other treatments gave higher mortality values but with no significant differences between them, except for treatment T5. Treatment T5 was the worst with 66.7% mortality which was statistically different from T4, T8 and T9. None of the treatments were effective in the reduction of the annual plant mortality; treatment T8 gave more consistent results in the two years of trialling period, with 9.5 and 21% for the first and second year, respectively.
The compactness of the soils as well as its richness in organic matter and in other nutrients, together with the climatic conditions of the island (moderate temperatures and a high relative humidity), facilitate the development of root diseases.
The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of various treatments in the reduction of mortality of 5-year-old Leucospermum High Gold plants.
The treatments consisted of the application to the roots of 1 L of the following solutions: iron sulphate (30 g/L) plus wettable sulphur (10 g/L) (T2 and T6), copper sulphate (25% copper) (20 g/L) with foliar application of Alga-E (15% of algae extracts) (1.5 ml/L) (T3 and T7), commercial bleach (30 ml/L) (T4 and T8), and Talo-sint (50% cubiet) (10 ml/L) (T5 and T9); the solutions were applied every 3 months (T2 to T5) or every 6 months (T6 to T9). After one year there were no significant differences between treatments, with a plant mortality of 4.8 to 14.3%. After two years, the lowest mortality was obtained with the application of commercial bleach every 6 months (T8) (28.6%); the other treatments gave higher mortality values but with no significant differences between them, except for treatment T5. Treatment T5 was the worst with 66.7% mortality which was statistically different from T4, T8 and T9. None of the treatments were effective in the reduction of the annual plant mortality; treatment T8 gave more consistent results in the two years of trialling period, with 9.5 and 21% for the first and second year, respectively.
Publication
Authors
M.J. Oliveira Dragovic
Keywords
Proteaceae, fungi soil diseases, Armillaria mellea, Fusarium solani, plant death
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