Articles
CORRELATION BETWEEN BACTROCERA OLEAE INFESTATION AND CAMAROSPORIUM DALMATICUM INFECTION IN AN OLIVE AREA OF SOUTHERN ITALY
Article number
949_45
Pages
309 – 316
Language
English
Abstract
Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790) (Diptera Tephritidae), the key pest of the olive ecosystem, induces direct and indirect damages to olive production.
Remarkable direct damages are registered on olive oil production which derive from active infestation in the fruits and consist in fruit drop, pulp destruction, quality olive oil falling by increasing of free acidity and peroxide number, alterations of spectrophotometric constants, sterolic and phenolic fractions and organoleptic properties.
Indirect damages, deriving from the settling of pathogenic microorganisms as the fungus Camarosporium dalmaticum (Thüm.) Zachos & Tzav.-Klon. in oviposition sites and feeding tunnels, considerably deteriorate the appearance of drupes directed to table olive market.
The fungus can be further transmitted by Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli, 1907 (Diptera Cecidomyiidae), an occasional predator of the olive fly eggs and larvae, in the skin surface, generating a brown spot and an evident depression (rot fruit). The present study has been carried out from September to November 2007 in an orchard made up by plants belonging to the cultivar Carolea in the locality of Arcavacata di Rende (Calabria, southern Italy) in order to verify the existence of correlation between olive fly infestation and C. dalmaticum infection.
The active infestation percentage determined by preimago stages as fertile eggs, larvae and pupae and total infestation percentage given by active infestation plus sterile stings, aborted eggs, dead larvae and pupae and emergence holes were registered on five replicates of 20 drupe samples every ten days.
On the same samples the incidence of C. dalmaticum attack was determined.
The correlation coefficient values showed a high correlation between olive fly infestation and fungal infection, suggesting that the attacks of both parasites are related.
Remarkable direct damages are registered on olive oil production which derive from active infestation in the fruits and consist in fruit drop, pulp destruction, quality olive oil falling by increasing of free acidity and peroxide number, alterations of spectrophotometric constants, sterolic and phenolic fractions and organoleptic properties.
Indirect damages, deriving from the settling of pathogenic microorganisms as the fungus Camarosporium dalmaticum (Thüm.) Zachos & Tzav.-Klon. in oviposition sites and feeding tunnels, considerably deteriorate the appearance of drupes directed to table olive market.
The fungus can be further transmitted by Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli, 1907 (Diptera Cecidomyiidae), an occasional predator of the olive fly eggs and larvae, in the skin surface, generating a brown spot and an evident depression (rot fruit). The present study has been carried out from September to November 2007 in an orchard made up by plants belonging to the cultivar Carolea in the locality of Arcavacata di Rende (Calabria, southern Italy) in order to verify the existence of correlation between olive fly infestation and C. dalmaticum infection.
The active infestation percentage determined by preimago stages as fertile eggs, larvae and pupae and total infestation percentage given by active infestation plus sterile stings, aborted eggs, dead larvae and pupae and emergence holes were registered on five replicates of 20 drupe samples every ten days.
On the same samples the incidence of C. dalmaticum attack was determined.
The correlation coefficient values showed a high correlation between olive fly infestation and fungal infection, suggesting that the attacks of both parasites are related.
Publication
Authors
N. Iannotta, T. Belfiore, M.E. Noce, S. Scalercio , V. Vizzarri
Keywords
olive fly, fruit rot, Olea europaea, olive table production, correlation coefficients, Calabria
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