Articles
ACHIEVEMENTS AND PERSPECTIVE IN HAZELNUT BREEDING IN CHINA
Article number
1052_4
Pages
41 – 43
Language
English
Abstract
The specific ecological conditions in China and the social needs led to a large scale program of hazelnut breeding 30 years ago.
In order to achieve the target, Corylus heterophylla Fisch. and European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) were used in the breeding program by the Economic Forestry Research Institute of Liaoning Province (EFRI). EFRI is located in Dalian, northeast of China.
The breeding program was initially based on interspecific crosses. C. heterophylla and European hazelnut were used as parents.
From 1990, more then 6000 hybrids and more than 40 advanced selections were obtained.
Five experimental fields were established to evaluate the advanced selections.
Two of the five experimental fields are in Dalian (at a latitude of 39°N, and the average annual temperature is 10°C, the rainfall is about 600 mm). Two of them in Fushun (at a latitude of 42°N, the average annual temperature is 6.5-7°C, the rainfall is about 810 mm). Fushun is very cold in winter, the minimum temperature is -35.2°C. one of the experimental fields is in Shenyang (at a latitude of 42°N, and the average annual temperature is 7.5°C, the rainfall is about 740 mm).
As the results of the breeding program, nine cultivars such as: Dawei, Liaozhen3, Liaozhen4 were released.
Eight of the cultivars are for table consumption, and one for industry.
The cultivars are productive, cold hardy and well-adapted to the environmental conditions of China.
It changed the hazelnut industry of China from the utilization of wild resources nut collecting to horticultural cultivation.
The approximate area of hazelnut plantation in China is about 10,000 hectares.
In order to achieve the target, Corylus heterophylla Fisch. and European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) were used in the breeding program by the Economic Forestry Research Institute of Liaoning Province (EFRI). EFRI is located in Dalian, northeast of China.
The breeding program was initially based on interspecific crosses. C. heterophylla and European hazelnut were used as parents.
From 1990, more then 6000 hybrids and more than 40 advanced selections were obtained.
Five experimental fields were established to evaluate the advanced selections.
Two of the five experimental fields are in Dalian (at a latitude of 39°N, and the average annual temperature is 10°C, the rainfall is about 600 mm). Two of them in Fushun (at a latitude of 42°N, the average annual temperature is 6.5-7°C, the rainfall is about 810 mm). Fushun is very cold in winter, the minimum temperature is -35.2°C. one of the experimental fields is in Shenyang (at a latitude of 42°N, and the average annual temperature is 7.5°C, the rainfall is about 740 mm).
As the results of the breeding program, nine cultivars such as: Dawei, Liaozhen3, Liaozhen4 were released.
Eight of the cultivars are for table consumption, and one for industry.
The cultivars are productive, cold hardy and well-adapted to the environmental conditions of China.
It changed the hazelnut industry of China from the utilization of wild resources nut collecting to horticultural cultivation.
The approximate area of hazelnut plantation in China is about 10,000 hectares.
Publication
Authors
M. Xie, J.L. Zheng, D.M. Wang
Keywords
Corylus heterophylla Fisch., Corylus avellana L., interspecific cross, cold hardiness, yield, nut quality
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