Articles
PROSPECTION OF HAZELNUT GERMPLASM (CORYLUS AVELLANA L.) IN THE ARAUCANIA REGION, SOUTH OF CHILE
Article number
1052_9
Pages
79 – 84
Language
English
Abstract
Araucania region is an important hazelnut growing area of old material introduced by European immigrants of German, Swiss, Italian and Spanish origin about 120 years ago, planted on garden orchard hoop and isolated trees.
On the other hand, at present the south of the country, especially the Araucania region is an important area planted with commercial hazelnut orchards mainly with two cultivars, Barcelona and Tonda di Giffoni. Its production is mainly export in shell and also is confined to the industry, especially to be added to chocolate and made paste to elaborate other aliments as ice cream and snacks.
During the years 2010-2011 a survey of old materials introduced from Europe started to be developed in collaboration with INIA, Gorbea city hall and local growers.
Its aim is to study this resource and preserve the genetic diversity.
In this first prospection a total of 28 hazelnut trees were studied and an important genetic variability was determined.
In May 2011 preselected material was introduced at INIA-Carillanca, a collection for its preservation and agronomic and commercial characterization.
This study determined some nut and kernel characteristics of the hazelnut germplasm in south Chile.
The selection mainly presented two types of nut shapes: long and rounded (this last one with nut thickness thinner for industrial use). In relation to the nut size, 39.9% presented medium weight between 1.8-2.5 g, 14.30% presented small weight (<1.7 g), 39.28% great nuts, between 2.6 and 3.3 g and 7.14% presented nuts very great (3.5-3.84 g).
The principal nut shape was globular as Barcelona and Tonda di Giffoni (55.55%), with the ovoid 22% as Spanish cultivars Negret and Morel, with the short subcylindrical form 14.81% was recorded, such as the Italian cultivar Mortarella and 3.70% with the conical shape.
With regard to shell colour, 64.28% presented brown color, as Tonda Romana, 21.42% dark brown as Negret and 17.85% light brown as Ennis.
Concerning the morphology of the fruits (size of pistil scar), a great part of the exemplars (55.55%), presented a medium size and 40.74% a little size and only a 3.7% a great size.
On the other hand, at present the south of the country, especially the Araucania region is an important area planted with commercial hazelnut orchards mainly with two cultivars, Barcelona and Tonda di Giffoni. Its production is mainly export in shell and also is confined to the industry, especially to be added to chocolate and made paste to elaborate other aliments as ice cream and snacks.
During the years 2010-2011 a survey of old materials introduced from Europe started to be developed in collaboration with INIA, Gorbea city hall and local growers.
Its aim is to study this resource and preserve the genetic diversity.
In this first prospection a total of 28 hazelnut trees were studied and an important genetic variability was determined.
In May 2011 preselected material was introduced at INIA-Carillanca, a collection for its preservation and agronomic and commercial characterization.
This study determined some nut and kernel characteristics of the hazelnut germplasm in south Chile.
The selection mainly presented two types of nut shapes: long and rounded (this last one with nut thickness thinner for industrial use). In relation to the nut size, 39.9% presented medium weight between 1.8-2.5 g, 14.30% presented small weight (<1.7 g), 39.28% great nuts, between 2.6 and 3.3 g and 7.14% presented nuts very great (3.5-3.84 g).
The principal nut shape was globular as Barcelona and Tonda di Giffoni (55.55%), with the ovoid 22% as Spanish cultivars Negret and Morel, with the short subcylindrical form 14.81% was recorded, such as the Italian cultivar Mortarella and 3.70% with the conical shape.
With regard to shell colour, 64.28% presented brown color, as Tonda Romana, 21.42% dark brown as Negret and 17.85% light brown as Ennis.
Concerning the morphology of the fruits (size of pistil scar), a great part of the exemplars (55.55%), presented a medium size and 40.74% a little size and only a 3.7% a great size.
Publication
Authors
M. Ellena, P. Sandoval, G. Anders
Keywords
immigrants, germplasm, prospection
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