Articles
Efficacy of new active ingredient formulations and new biopesticides for managing Fusarium root rot disease of gladiolus hybrids
Article number
1105_8
Pages
55 – 60
Language
English
Abstract
The effects of fungicides and biofungicides applied as corm dips or as foliar sprays were compared in field trials carried out in 2012 and 2013 at the Clarksville Horticultural Experiment Station, Michigan State University, Kent County, Michigan, USA. The species identified using molecular and morphological techniques indicated that from 25 samples the pathogens were Fusarium oxysporum (three formae speciales NDASH melonis, lima, and gladioli). Fusarium symptoms developed in both trials and the not-treated checks had reduced emergence about 30 days after planting (DAP). In the trials where fungicides and biofungicides were applied to corms only the symptoms were drastically reduced in comparison to the trials where fungicides were sprayed as post-emergence treatments. Fusarium continued to develop throughout the seasons in both years and plant stand decreased with time in some treatments.
Continued Fusarium development was measured by evaluating the incidence of plants with visible stem base necrosis at least up to 1.5 cm above the soil line.
Several treatments applied as corm dips were significantly different in their efficacy from the non-inoculated not-treated check.
Treatments with less than 25.0% lodging had significantly fewer lodged plants in comparison to the not-treated inoculated check.
Treatments with more than 75.0% of stems with inflorescences had significantly greater flowering rate than the not-treated inoculated check (53.6%). The reduction in emergence, height and flowering rate may have been indicative of a physiological effect of the products applied.
Treatments applied as foliar sprays were ineffective in reducing the impact of corm-borne Fusarium. The most effective treatments included corm applied fungicides and biofungicides including azoxystrobin, acibenzolar, and Trichoderma harzianum products, respectively.
Continued Fusarium development was measured by evaluating the incidence of plants with visible stem base necrosis at least up to 1.5 cm above the soil line.
Several treatments applied as corm dips were significantly different in their efficacy from the non-inoculated not-treated check.
Treatments with less than 25.0% lodging had significantly fewer lodged plants in comparison to the not-treated inoculated check.
Treatments with more than 75.0% of stems with inflorescences had significantly greater flowering rate than the not-treated inoculated check (53.6%). The reduction in emergence, height and flowering rate may have been indicative of a physiological effect of the products applied.
Treatments applied as foliar sprays were ineffective in reducing the impact of corm-borne Fusarium. The most effective treatments included corm applied fungicides and biofungicides including azoxystrobin, acibenzolar, and Trichoderma harzianum products, respectively.
Authors
W.W. Kirk, R.S. Schafer
Keywords
lodging, corms, biocontrol, cormels, necrosis, corm dips
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