Agrobiological characteristics of apple (Malus domestica) cultivars

The study was conducted during the period 2010-2014 in an apple plantation of the Institute of Agriculture – Kyustendil (Bulgaria). The aim was to characterize five newly introduced apple cultivars under the conditions of the region.
The apple trees (5 of each cultivar) were grafted on rootstock MM 106 and planted in 2002 at the distance 4.5×2.4 m. ‘Prima’ and ‘Granny Smith’ were used as standards.
The earliest vegetation was observed in ‘Teser T219’ on March 27. The blooming period for all cultivars was in the frame from 11 to 15 days.
Until the start of blooming were necessary 42-44 days and temperature sum over 5°С from 145.9 to 151.5°С. According to ripening time, ‘Ginger Gold’ and ‘Arkcharm’ are summer apples, while the others are winter cultivars. ‘Teser T219’ and ‘Arkcharm’ had the weakest growth expressed as trunk cross-sectional area.
The average yield tree-1 and cumulative coefficient of productivity were highest for ‘Rosana’ and ‘Teser T219’. The largest fruit weight was recorded in ‘Teser T219’ (179.4 g) and ‘Arkcharm’ (174.6 g) and the smallest in ‘Rosana’ (95.2 g). The fruit of ‘Teser T219’ had the highest firmness, soluble solids (15.38%) and total sugars (8.19%).

III Balkan Symposium on Fruit Growing

S. Dimitrova

flowering, ripening, temperature sums, yield, fruit quality

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1139.34