Articles
The production of somatic embryogenesis in miracle multiple purpose tree (jojoba ‘Arizona’) by direct and indirect techniques
Article number
1190_23
Pages
135 – 140
Language
English
Abstract
Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) is a dioecious, evergreen perennial desert, salt tolerant and bioenvironmental shrub and its development in horticultural farming system by seed is not easy except by producing hybrid seed with very high costs.
In order to produce the vegetative seedlings, the indirect somatic embryogenesis (ISE) and direct somatic embryogenesis (DSE) from jojoba leaf explants were investigated.
In indirect trial the leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium for one month and then were supplemented with various concentrations of plant growth regulators such as 2,4-D (0.45, 2.26 and 4.52) μM and salicylic acid (SA: 0, 10, 100, 500) μM. The results of subculturing the 30-day-old calluses on this medium showed high callogenesis somaclonal variation on 4.52 μM of 2,4-D plus 100 μM of SA medium.
The results of direct somatic embryogenesis of jojoba leaf explants on ½MS medium with all treatments showed, the effects of thidiazuron (TDZ) and acetyl salicylic acid on embryos production directly from leaf wound surfaces without an intervening callus phase.
The results also indicated that both thidiazuron and acetyl salicylic acid have significant effects in number of embryos produced in 10 μM of ASA plus 50 μM of TDZ as the best treatment.
In order to produce the vegetative seedlings, the indirect somatic embryogenesis (ISE) and direct somatic embryogenesis (DSE) from jojoba leaf explants were investigated.
In indirect trial the leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium for one month and then were supplemented with various concentrations of plant growth regulators such as 2,4-D (0.45, 2.26 and 4.52) μM and salicylic acid (SA: 0, 10, 100, 500) μM. The results of subculturing the 30-day-old calluses on this medium showed high callogenesis somaclonal variation on 4.52 μM of 2,4-D plus 100 μM of SA medium.
The results of direct somatic embryogenesis of jojoba leaf explants on ½MS medium with all treatments showed, the effects of thidiazuron (TDZ) and acetyl salicylic acid on embryos production directly from leaf wound surfaces without an intervening callus phase.
The results also indicated that both thidiazuron and acetyl salicylic acid have significant effects in number of embryos produced in 10 μM of ASA plus 50 μM of TDZ as the best treatment.
Authors
H. Shahsavand Hassani, M.J. Arvin, M.J. Hosseini, F.S.A. Baghizadeh, A.A.S. Pahlavanpoure-Farde-Jahrome
Keywords
jojoba, somatic embryogenesis, salicylic acid, callus, thidiazuron, acetyl salicylic acid
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