Articles
Response of some plum cultivars to abiotic stress
Article number
1322_29
Pages
201 – 208
Language
English
Abstract
Significant changes in climatic factors have been observed in recent years which necessitates the introduction of new cultivars into production after their preliminary testing regarding their reaction to different climatic anomalies.
During 2019-2021, the resistance to winter cold (in lab conditions at -15, -20 and -25°С, for 5 h), late spring frosts and summer drought of 10 new plum cultivars introduced in Bulgaria from Germany were evaluated.
The trees were grafted on seedling rootstocks (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) and planted in an experimental plantation in the spring of 2011. The cultivar Stanley was used as a control.
The results indicated significant differences among evaluated cultivars.
From the analysis of the results at the three freezing levels it can be concluded that Stanley, Top 2000, Topend Plus, Tophit Plus and Toрper have relatively higher resistance to low winter temperatures. Stanley, Topking, Tophit Plus and Top 2000 showed low damage to flower buds or pistils (between 14.3 and 38.5%), while Toptaste, Topgigant Plus and Topper proved to be very sensitive to spring frost (-3°С) − damages varied from 59.6 to 75.8%. The highest drought resistance, determined by leaf water potential and visual observations, showed Topstar Plus and Topper, and the most sensitive were Topfirst, Toptaste and Topgigant Plus.
During 2019-2021, the resistance to winter cold (in lab conditions at -15, -20 and -25°С, for 5 h), late spring frosts and summer drought of 10 new plum cultivars introduced in Bulgaria from Germany were evaluated.
The trees were grafted on seedling rootstocks (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) and planted in an experimental plantation in the spring of 2011. The cultivar Stanley was used as a control.
The results indicated significant differences among evaluated cultivars.
From the analysis of the results at the three freezing levels it can be concluded that Stanley, Top 2000, Topend Plus, Tophit Plus and Toрper have relatively higher resistance to low winter temperatures. Stanley, Topking, Tophit Plus and Top 2000 showed low damage to flower buds or pistils (between 14.3 and 38.5%), while Toptaste, Topgigant Plus and Topper proved to be very sensitive to spring frost (-3°С) − damages varied from 59.6 to 75.8%. The highest drought resistance, determined by leaf water potential and visual observations, showed Topstar Plus and Topper, and the most sensitive were Topfirst, Toptaste and Topgigant Plus.
Authors
S. Dimitrova, S. Krumov, D. Sotirov, M. Kolev
Keywords
Prunus domestica, cold hardiness, late spring frost, damage
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