Articles
Fruit quality and surface pitting resistance of sweet cherry of various genotypes stored in modified atmosphere
Article number
1364_14
Pages
113 – 120
Language
English
Abstract
As sweet cherries are a produce that is traded around the world, the storage of the fruit is an integral part of the market chain.
Sweet cherries are susceptible to mechanical damage due to pressure that can occur during harvesting, sorting, and packaging.
The affected fruit have a surface pitting disorder after several days of storage in a refrigerated warehouse that shortens the shelf life.
The selection of resistant genotypes is important for both growers and breeders.
We evaluated genotype resistance at Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., the Czech Republic.
Selected genotypes were HL 10100, HL 10157, HL 10072, HL 13577, Sweetheart, and Van. The assessment of fruit size, firmness, and soluble solid content was carried out with fruit immediately after harvest as well as after 21 days of storage at 1.5°C in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) in Xtend® bags (type Cherry 5 kg, StePac, Israel). These bags decrease oxygen content and increase both carbon dioxide content and relative humidity to 90-95%. Damage induced by a pressure of 0.5 N was monitored on the fruit before storage.
The resistance of all genotypes to surface pitting after storage expressed via the fruit damage index was also evaluated.
At the same time, the influence of degree of maturity on the occurrence of the disorder was assessed.
Therefore, the fruit was harvested 2 days before the harvest maturity and at the harvest maturity.
Fruit harvested earlier was more resistant than fully ripe fruit.
Difference in resistance to disorder between genotypes was also observed.
A high percentage of 97.3 and 73.0% of undamaged fruit the genotypes HL 10072 and HL 13577, respectively, was determined for, the earlier harvested cherries.
In contrast, the cultivars Sweetheart and Van exhibited only 4.9 and 15.9% fruit with no damage, respectively.
Resistant genotypes to surface pitting disorder will be used to breed new resistant sweet cherries cultivars.
Sweet cherries are susceptible to mechanical damage due to pressure that can occur during harvesting, sorting, and packaging.
The affected fruit have a surface pitting disorder after several days of storage in a refrigerated warehouse that shortens the shelf life.
The selection of resistant genotypes is important for both growers and breeders.
We evaluated genotype resistance at Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., the Czech Republic.
Selected genotypes were HL 10100, HL 10157, HL 10072, HL 13577, Sweetheart, and Van. The assessment of fruit size, firmness, and soluble solid content was carried out with fruit immediately after harvest as well as after 21 days of storage at 1.5°C in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) in Xtend® bags (type Cherry 5 kg, StePac, Israel). These bags decrease oxygen content and increase both carbon dioxide content and relative humidity to 90-95%. Damage induced by a pressure of 0.5 N was monitored on the fruit before storage.
The resistance of all genotypes to surface pitting after storage expressed via the fruit damage index was also evaluated.
At the same time, the influence of degree of maturity on the occurrence of the disorder was assessed.
Therefore, the fruit was harvested 2 days before the harvest maturity and at the harvest maturity.
Fruit harvested earlier was more resistant than fully ripe fruit.
Difference in resistance to disorder between genotypes was also observed.
A high percentage of 97.3 and 73.0% of undamaged fruit the genotypes HL 10072 and HL 13577, respectively, was determined for, the earlier harvested cherries.
In contrast, the cultivars Sweetheart and Van exhibited only 4.9 and 15.9% fruit with no damage, respectively.
Resistant genotypes to surface pitting disorder will be used to breed new resistant sweet cherries cultivars.
Authors
P. Suran, T. Vojtová
Keywords
fruit quality, Prunus avium, selection, storage, cultivar
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