Articles
Assessment of the experimental host range of a lily isolate of Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV), an emerging virus
Article number
1392_10
Pages
87 – 94
Language
English
Abstract
Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV) is a member of the genus Potexvirus, family Alphaflexiviridae. PlAMV was originally reported from the weedy host Plantago asiatica in the Russian Far East, and from cultivated plants of Nandina domestica (heavenly bamboo) in California, USA, in the 1970s.
Although isolates from nandina were initially thought to belong to a distinct species named as Nandina mosaic virus (NaMV), when the NaMV sequence was determined it was shown to be an isolate of PlAMV. PlAMV was later found naturally infecting edible lilies (Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii) in Japan, and emerged in the Netherlands and Chile in ornamental lilies (Lilium hybrids) including Asiatic, Oriental, and Tiger lily types.
PlAMV is readily transmitted between lilies via either roots or contaminated planting medium, and mechanical transmission during bulb processing or horticultural operations, and has since spread essentially worldwide through trade in ornamental lilies.
To date, at least ten species from nine diverse families are known to be naturally infected with PlAMV. The readiness of spread through contaminated planting medium or mechanical transmission suggest that other crop species might be at risk.
The experimental host range of a lily isolate was determined by mechanical inoculation followed by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using antibodies raised against purified PlAMV. A total of 49 species representing 19 taxonomically diverse plant families were mechanically inoculated; of these, 24 species representing 13 plant families were infected either locally or systemically.
In some species infection was latent, whereas in several others systemic necrosis was observed.
Although PlAMV was initially thought to have a relatively narrow host range, it is now apparent that many more species, including multiple ornamentals, can be infected.
Although isolates from nandina were initially thought to belong to a distinct species named as Nandina mosaic virus (NaMV), when the NaMV sequence was determined it was shown to be an isolate of PlAMV. PlAMV was later found naturally infecting edible lilies (Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii) in Japan, and emerged in the Netherlands and Chile in ornamental lilies (Lilium hybrids) including Asiatic, Oriental, and Tiger lily types.
PlAMV is readily transmitted between lilies via either roots or contaminated planting medium, and mechanical transmission during bulb processing or horticultural operations, and has since spread essentially worldwide through trade in ornamental lilies.
To date, at least ten species from nine diverse families are known to be naturally infected with PlAMV. The readiness of spread through contaminated planting medium or mechanical transmission suggest that other crop species might be at risk.
The experimental host range of a lily isolate was determined by mechanical inoculation followed by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using antibodies raised against purified PlAMV. A total of 49 species representing 19 taxonomically diverse plant families were mechanically inoculated; of these, 24 species representing 13 plant families were infected either locally or systemically.
In some species infection was latent, whereas in several others systemic necrosis was observed.
Although PlAMV was initially thought to have a relatively narrow host range, it is now apparent that many more species, including multiple ornamentals, can be infected.
Authors
J. Hammond, K. Rane
Keywords
Potexvirus, mechanical inoculation, DAS-ELISA, localized infection, systemic infection
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