Articles
Effects of light quality and photoperiod on the phytochemical profiles in a young leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa) grown during few days under controlled environments
Article number
1423_29
Pages
219 – 226
Language
English
Abstract
Under abiotic stress conditions, plants undergo alterations in phytochemical composition as part of their self-defensive mechanisms.
Our previous findings have elucidated that blue light and its continuous illumination serve as potent stimuli, augmenting antioxidative capacities in young leaf lettuce plants during short-term.
The current investigation endeavors to delineate the phytochemical profiles of young leaf lettuce plants grown under different photoperiodic conditions, employing either blue or red-light emitting diodes (LEDs). After raising up seedlings of lettuce ‘Green Wave’, these young plants were subjected to irradiation by blue- or red LEDs at the photosynthetic photon flux density level of 200 µmol m‑2 s‑1, encompassing continuous illumination or 12-h day and night photoperiods in growth chambers.
As comparative control, a cohort was exposed to white fluorescent lamps with 12-h photoperiod.
At the 3rd and the 6th day of treatments, six shoots of lettuce plants were sampled from each treatment.
Metabolite profiles including phytochemicals were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry-based metabolomics.
Metabolomics analysis revealed the detection of 74 annotated metabolites in lettuce plants subjected to experimental treatments.
In outcomes of partial least square discriminant analysis, the score scatter plot at the 3rd day of treatment exhibited conspicuous demarcation between the red- and blue light conditions.
Moreover, the continuous illumination demonstrated a proclivity toward instigating separation within each light quality treatment.
Hierarchical clustering analysis disclosed that both photoperiod treatments under blue light exhibited proximal clustering, indicating a similarity in phytochemical profiles, notably high levels of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid.
However, continuous illumination accentuated the chlorogenic acid content more prominently under blue light conditions, concomitant with a decline in caffeic acid, quinic acid, and phenylalanine.
These outcomes collectively underscore the role of the blue light signal in activating the phenylpropanoid pathway, with the additional observation that the continuous illumination amplifies these biochemical responses.
Our previous findings have elucidated that blue light and its continuous illumination serve as potent stimuli, augmenting antioxidative capacities in young leaf lettuce plants during short-term.
The current investigation endeavors to delineate the phytochemical profiles of young leaf lettuce plants grown under different photoperiodic conditions, employing either blue or red-light emitting diodes (LEDs). After raising up seedlings of lettuce ‘Green Wave’, these young plants were subjected to irradiation by blue- or red LEDs at the photosynthetic photon flux density level of 200 µmol m‑2 s‑1, encompassing continuous illumination or 12-h day and night photoperiods in growth chambers.
As comparative control, a cohort was exposed to white fluorescent lamps with 12-h photoperiod.
At the 3rd and the 6th day of treatments, six shoots of lettuce plants were sampled from each treatment.
Metabolite profiles including phytochemicals were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry-based metabolomics.
Metabolomics analysis revealed the detection of 74 annotated metabolites in lettuce plants subjected to experimental treatments.
In outcomes of partial least square discriminant analysis, the score scatter plot at the 3rd day of treatment exhibited conspicuous demarcation between the red- and blue light conditions.
Moreover, the continuous illumination demonstrated a proclivity toward instigating separation within each light quality treatment.
Hierarchical clustering analysis disclosed that both photoperiod treatments under blue light exhibited proximal clustering, indicating a similarity in phytochemical profiles, notably high levels of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid.
However, continuous illumination accentuated the chlorogenic acid content more prominently under blue light conditions, concomitant with a decline in caffeic acid, quinic acid, and phenylalanine.
These outcomes collectively underscore the role of the blue light signal in activating the phenylpropanoid pathway, with the additional observation that the continuous illumination amplifies these biochemical responses.
Authors
N. Fukuda, M. Shimomura, M. Kobayashi, M. Kusano
Keywords
antioxidants, blue light, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, phenylpropanoid pathway
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