Articles
PEAR BREEDING AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NEW SELECTED HYBRIDS
Hence the breeding of new pear cultivars has been intensively pursued for two centuries.
Over that period the most prominent research worker was HARDENPONT who, according to ROEMER et al., 1962, succeeded in creating the first pear cultivar of the Beurré type as early as 1758, after a 30-year breeding work.
According to STANCEVIC (1976), Hardenpont was followed by a series of breeders with a rather great success, who enriched the world pear assortment with some 6,000 cultivars.
The following of these breeders stand out : HERBST and RUDLOFF (1936), JOHANSON (1942), NILSON (1943–1947), PERSSON-FERLENIUS (1945), MICHURIN (1948), SCARASIA (1948), MIŠENKU (1951), GRANHOLI (1953), NYBOM (1956), MOON, WILSON and MAGNESS (1957), PIROVANO (1960), MORETTINI (1963), LABANOV (1964), ILIEV (1966), KAJIURA (1967), HOUGH and BAILEY (1968), STANCEVIC (1971, 1976) and others.
In view of the significance of these problems the work on breeding new pear cultivars at the Fruit Research Institute, Cacak, was begun as early as 1950 and more than 42,000 hybrids have been raised so far.
This paper presents the biological properties of five pear hybrids developed by planned hybridization in 1970.