Home > IX International Pear Symposium > EVOLUTION OF THE PEAR TRAINING MODEL IN SOUTH AFRICA

Articles

EVOLUTION OF THE PEAR TRAINING MODEL IN SOUTH AFRICA

Article number

671_2

Pages

37 – 40

Language

English

Abstract

The history of pear pruning and training under the hot and dry conditions in South Africa is discussed.
Due to the poor soils and the need for irrigation the move towards high-density plantings occurred with the continued use of the vigorous BP rootstocks.
Planting densities have stabilized at ca. 4 x 1.5m (1667 trees/ha). Vigor in these plantings is managed through girdling and the manipulation of branching on young trees.
These developments and technologies are discussed.

Publication

IX International Pear Symposium

Authors

D.K. Strydom, N.C. Cook

Keywords

Pyrus communis L., pruning

Full text

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2005.671.2

Online Articles (88)

2. A MORE HOLISTIC VIEW ON THE HORMONAL INTERACTIONS AMONG DIFFERENT ORGANS IN A FRUIT TREE

F. Bangerth

3. EVOLUTION OF THE PEAR TRAINING MODEL IN SOUTH AFRICA

D.K. Strydom | N.C. Cook

4. STATUS OF THE PEAR INDUSTRY IN SOUTH AMERICA

E.E. Sánchez

5. PEAR PRODUCTION IN THE NORTH AMERICA

C.F. Seavert

6. STATUS OF THE PEAR PRODUCTION IN EUROPE

T. Deckers | H. Schoofs

7. STATUS OF THE PEAR INDUSTRY IN ASIA

T. Saito | C. Fang | S. Shin | H.S. Hwang | M. Sharifani

8. THE STATUS OF THE PEAR INDUSTRY IN AUSTRALASIA

L.R. Brewer | V. Hilton

9. STATUS OF THE PEAR INDUSTRY IN AFRICA, WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO SOUTH AFRICA

C.H. Ferrandi | P.W. van der Merwe | M. Huysamer

10. RED COLOUR DEVELOPMENT AND LOSS IN PEARS

W.J. Steyn | S.J.E. Wand | D.M. Holcroft | G. Jacobs

11. REFLECTIVE MULCH IMPROVES FRUIT SIZE AND FLOWER BUD FORMATION OF PEAR CV CLARA FRIJS

M. Bertelsen

12. EARLY PREDICTION OF RIPENING AND STORAGE QUALITY OF PEAR FRUIT IN SOUTH AFRICA

E. Lötze | O. Bergh

13. USE OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING TO IMPROVE ‘ROSEMARIE’ AND ‘FORELLE’ PEAR FRUIT BLUSH COLOUR AND QUALITY

14. FLUORESCENCE IMAGING TO STUDY PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN ‘CONFERENCE’ PEARS DURING A SHELF-LIFE EXPERIMENT

C. Huybrechts | R. Valcke

15. EFFECT OF 6-BA AND NAA AS THINNING AGENTS OF ‘CONFERENCE’ PEAR

16. MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE NECTARY IN HUNGARIAN LOCAL PEAR CULTIVARS

A. Farkas

17. APPLICATION OF S-RNASE ALLELE MOLECULAR ANALYSIS AS A MEANS FOR ELUCIDATING LOW YIELDS IN THE PEAR ORCHARD

M. Goldway | R.A. Stern | S. Shafir | A.H. Zisovich

18. INCREASING THE YIELD OF ‘SPADONA’ PEAR (PYRUS COMMUNIS L.) BY APPROPRIATE UTILIZATION OF BEEHIVES

R.A. Stern | A.H. Zisovich | S. Shafir | A. Dag | M. Goldway

19. THE SYNTHETIC CYTOKININS CPPU AND TDZ PROLONG THE PHASE OF CELL DIVISION IN DEVELOPING PEAR (PYRUS COMMUNIS L.) FRUIT

20. STUDY ON COMPATIBILITY AND POLLEN TUBE GROWTH OF SOME ASIAN PEAR (PYRUS SEROTINA REHD.) CULTIVARS

K. Arzani | M. Koushesh-Saba | F. Ghanati

21. REPRODUCTIVE BUD DEVELOPMENT OF PEARS (PYRUS COMMUNIS L.) WITH EMPHASIS ON THE BOURSE SHOOT

L.P. Reynolds | G. Jacobs | K.I. Theron

22. THE EFFECT OF SCORING DURING FLOWER INDUCTION OR THE INITIATION PHASE ON RETURN BLOOM IN PYRUS COMMUNIS L.

L.P. Reynolds | G. Jacobs | K.I. Theron

23. FLOWERING DATE PREDICTION IN ‘ROCHA’ PEAR UNDER MILD WINTER CONDITIONS

J.P. De Melo-Abreu | J.M. Silva | N.G. Barba

24. PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN PEAR BREEDING PROGRAM

J.P. Human

25. PROGRESS IN PEAR BREEDING AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA

S. Musacchi | V. Ancarani | A. Gamberini | B. Giatti | S. Sansavini

26. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN F1 GENERATION ARISING FROM BUTIRRA PRECOCE MORETTINI x BELLA DI GIUGNO

M.D. Milutinovic | M. Nikolic | B. Tanaskovic

27. ORCHARD COMPARISONS OF NEW QUINCE AND PYRUS ROOTSTOCK CLONES

D. Johnson | K. Evans | J. Spencer | T. Webster | S. Adam

28. PROGRESS IN THE NATIONAL ASIAN PEAR PROJECT: A STUDY ON THE ADAPTATION OF SOME ASIAN PEAR (PYRUS SEROTINA REHD) CULTIVARS TO IRANIAN ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

K. Arzani

29. FIELD PERFORMANCE OF FIRE BLIGHT TOLERANT, PYRUS COMMUNIS SELECTIONS IN SOUTH CAROLINA

G.L. Reighard | D.R. Quellette | K.H. Brock

30. ‘ROCHA’, THE PEAR FROM PORTUGAL

J.M. Silva | N.G. Barba | M.T. Barros | A. Torres-Paulo

31. HERITABILITY OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTERS IN THREE PEAR PROGENIES

E. Costes | A. Acou | A. Belouin | M. Le Lezec | M.H. Simard

32. BREEDING PEARS FOR WARM CLIMATES IN MEXICO

F.I.A. Rumayor | C.A. Martínez | R. Váquez

33. BREEDING OF HOMOZYGOTES OF SELF-INCOMPATIBLE HAPLOTYPE IN JAPANESE PEAR (PYRUS PYRIFOLIA NAKAI)

34. BREEDING OF PEAR ROOTSTOCKS. FIRST EVALUATION OF NEW INTERESPECIFIC ROOTSTOCKS FOR TOLERANCE TO LIME-INDUCED CHLOROSIS AND INDUCED VIGOUR UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

35. OLD PEAR VARIETIES IN NORTHERN ITALY

T. Eccher | R. Pontiroli

36. VARIABILITY IN THE WILD PEAR POPULATION IN WEST SERBIA

M.D. Milutinivic | G. Djakovic | M.M. Militinivic | R. Mitletic | M. Zikic

37. A SELECTION FROM PYRUS BETULAEFOLIA AS A NEW POLLINATOR FOR THE MAIN PYRUS COMMUNIS CULTIVARS

M. Le Lezec | A. Belouin | M.H. Simard

38. MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDIES ON PEARS (PYRUS SPP.) IN THE WESTERN CAPE

39. PLOIDY LEVEL EVALUATION OF ROOTSTOCK SELECTIONS AND PYRUS GENUS ACCESSIONS

M.H. Simard | D. Demilly

40. RESUMPTION OF CYCLIN B AND HISTONE H1 KINASE ACTIVITY MARKS REPRODUCTIVE BUD BREAK IN PEAR GROWN IN THE HOT CLIMATE OF ISRAEL

M.A. Flaishman | Y. Brayer | G. Grafi | A. Shargal

41. EXPRESSION OF THE HEALTH-BENEFICIAL STILBENES IN TRANSGENIC ‘SPADONA’ PEAR (PYRUS COMMUNIS)

M.A. Flaishman | L. Schlizerman | Y. Cohen | Z. Kerem | L. Sivan

42. PYRUS MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FROM GENBANK SEQUENCES

N.V. Bassil | J.D. Postman | C. Neou

43. MOLECULAR TYPING OF RED AND GREEN PHENOTYPES OF ‘BON ROUGE’ PEAR TREES, WITH THE USE OF MICROSATELLITES

S. Booi | M.M. van Dyk | M.G. du Preez | D.J.G. Rees | I. Labuschagné

44. STRESS INDUCED DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS FOR RED AND GREEN PHENOTYPES OF ‘BON ROUGE’ PEAR TREES (PYRUS COMMUNIS)

M.G. du Preez | D.J.G. Rees

45. DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR MARKER-ASSISTED BREEDING IN PEARS (PYRUS SPP.)

46. DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR MARKERS LINKED TO SEVERAL FRUIT TRAITS IN ORIENTAL PEAR

47. EXTENDING SHELF-LIFE OF PARTIALLY RIPENED D’ANJOU PEARS BY 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE TREATMENT

J. Bai | P.M. Chen

48. THE EFFECT OF SMARTFRESH™ (1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE) ON POST HARVEST STORAGE QUALITY OF ‘BON CHRETIEN’ PEARS

I. Crouch

49. SENSORY EVALUATION OF NEW PEAR CULTIVARS

P. Vaysse | P. Reynier | L. Roche | O. Lavialle

50. SENSORY EVALUATION FROM A CONSUMER PERSPECTIVE AND ITS APPLICATION TO ‘ABATE FETEL’ PEAR FRUIT QUALITY

S. Predieri | E. Gatti | F. Rapparini | L. Cavicchi | R. Colombo

51. CONSUMER SENSORY EVALUATION OF PEAR CULTIVARS IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST, USA

J. Turner | J. Bai | A. Marin | A. Colonna

52. ‘CONCORDE’ PEAR FLAVOR, TEXTURE, AND STORAGE QUALITY IMPROVED BY MANIPULATING HARVEST MATURITY

E.A. Mielke | S.R. Drake | D.C. Elfving

53. MEALINESS OF ‘FORELLE’ PEARS – QUO VADIS?

E.M. Crouch | D.M. Holcroft | M. Huysamer

54. THE EFFECT OF FRUIT MATURITY AND STORAGE DURATION ON FRICTION DISCOLOURATION OF ‘PACKHAM’S TRIUMPH’ AND ‘DOYENNE DU COMICE’ PEARS

G.E. Burger | H.M. Griessel | M. Huysamer

55. COMBINING ABILITY OF FRUIT APPEARANCE AND EATING QUALITY IN PEARS

S.M. Liu | S.M. Richards | G.R. McGregor

56. VOLATILE CONSTITUENTS AND PEAR AROMA STUDIED BY DYNAMIC HEADSPACE TECHNIQUE

F. Rapparini | E. Gatti | S. Predieri

57. THE EFFECT OF 1-MCP ON THE QUALITY OF ‘CONFERENCE’ AND ‘ABBÉ FÉTEL’ PEARS

P. Eccher Zerbini | P. Cambiaghi | M. Grassi | A. Rizzolo

58. REMAINING GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE IN THE U.S. TREE FRUIT INDUSTRY WITH THE NATIONAL TREE FRUIT TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP

C.F. Seavert

59. THE ECONOMIC COSTS AND RETURNS OF ESTABLISHING AND PRODUCING HIGH-DENSITY PEARS IN HOOD RIVER, OREGON, USA

C.F. Seavert | J. Moore | S. Castagnoli

60. THE ECONOMIC COSTS AND RETURNS OF PRODUCING PEARS IN HOOD RIVER, OREGON, USA

C.F. Seavert | J. Moore | S. Castagnoli

61. AN EVALUATION OF SITE-SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE U.S. PEAR INDUSTRY

C.F. Seavert | T. Righetti | S. Castagnoli

62. PEAR PRODUCTION IN CHILE: SITUATION AND TRENDS

K. Sagredo | T. Cooper

63. AN ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS OF PEAR CULTIVARS GROWN UNDER SOUTH AFRICAN CONDITIONS AND THE RELEVANCE TO LOCAL MAINTENANCE PRUNING STRATEGIES

N.C. Cook | P. du Plooy

64. EFFECT OF PRUNING SEVERITY AND BRANCH QUALITY ON FRUIT SET AND FRUIT DRY WEIGHT OF ‘PACKHAM’S TRIUMPH’ PEARS (PYRUS COMMUNIS L.)

L.P. Reynolds | G. Jacobs | K.I. Theron

65. COMPARISON OF THE YIELD, LABOUR REQUIREMENT AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ‘CONFERENCE’ PEARS UNDER FIVE INTENSIVE TRAINING SYSTEMS IN SPAIN

L. Asin | R. Montserrat | J. Carbó | P. Vilardell | M. Carrera

66. RESPONSE OF TRAINING SYSTEM PLANTING DENSITY AND CULTIVAR IN PEAR

67. FINANCIAL RESULT OF DIFFERENT PLANTING SYSTEMS FOR ‘CONFERENCE’ PEARS

J. Vercammen

68. SCION/ROOTSTOCK INFLUENCE ON GRAFTING SUCCESS, EARLY PERFORMANCE, TREE SURVIVAL AND EFFICIENCY OF NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF SOME ASIAN PEAR (PYRUS SEROTINA REHD.) CULTIVARS

K. Arzani | H. Khoshghalb | G. Karimzadeh

69. PEAR ROOTSTOCK TRIAL: BEHAVIOR OF ‘CONFERENCE’ AND ‘DOYENNÉ DU COMICE’ ON TWO QUINCE AND FIVE OHXF SELECTIONS

M. Carrera | M.T. Espiau | J. Gómez-Apari

70. PERFORMANCE OF ‘CONFERENCE’ PEAR ON SELF-ROOTED TREES AND SEVERAL OLD HOME × FARMINGDALE, SEEDLING AND QUINCE ROOTSTOCKS IN SPAIN

I. Iglesias | L. Asin

71. NUTRIENT DISTRIBUTION AND REQUIREMENT OF ‘FORELLE’ PEAR TREES ON TWO ROOTSTOCKS

P.J.C. Stassen | M.S. North

72. NATURAL OR CHEMICAL GROWTH REGULATION IN PEAR

T. Deckers | H. Schoofs | E. Smolders

73. SHOOT GROWTH, FRUIT PRODUCTION AND RETURN BLOOM IN ‘CONFERENCE’ AND ‘DOYENNÉ DU COMICE’ TREATED WITH REGALIS (PROHEXADIONE-CALCIUM)

F.M. Maas

74. EFFECT OF PROHEXADIONE-CA ON GROWTH REGULATION, YIELD, FRUIT SET AND RETURN BLOOM, IN ‘BLANQUILLA’ AND ‘CONFERENCE’, THE TWO MAIN PEAR CULTIVARS GROWN IN SPAIN

L. Asin | R. Dalmau | J. Bonany | J.M. Pages | P. Vilardell

75. ROOT PRUNING: A VALUABLE ALTERNATIVE TO REDUCE THE GROWTH OF ‘CONFERENC’

J. Vercammen | G. van Daele | A. Gomand

76. THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT RATES OF PROHEXADIONECALCIUM AND GIRDLING ON SHOOT GROWTH AND FRUIT QUALITY WHEN APPLIED TO DIFFERENT PEAR CULTIVARS

J.J. Meintjes | P. Stassen | K.I. Theron

77. POST-HARVEST CONTROL OF THE GRAIN CHINCH BUG MACCHIADEMUS DIPLOPTERUS (HETEROPTERA: LYGAEIDAE) ON PEARS IN THE WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA

P. Addison

78. SUPPRESSION OF CODLING MOTH CYDIA POMONELLA L. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDEA) POPULATIONS IN SOUTH AFRICAN APPLE AND PEAR ORCHARDS USING STERILE INSECT RELEASE

M.F. Addison

79. COST OF PRODUCTION FOR TRANSITIONING FROM CONVENTIONAL CODLING MOTH CONTROL TO AEROSOL-RELEASED MATING DISRUPTION (“PUFFERS”) IN PEARS

R.B. Elkins | K.M. Klonsky | R.L. DeMoura

80. MONITORING CODLING MOTH IN FOUR PEAR CULTIVARS WITH THE PEAR ESTER

A.L. Knight | P. VanBuskirk | R.J. Hilton | B.G. Zoller | D.M. Light

81. RESISTANCE OF SOME PYRUS COMMUNIS CULTIVARS AND PYRUS HYBRIDS TO THE PEAR PSYLLA CACOPSYLLA PYRI (HOMOPTERA, PSYLLIDAE)

P. Robert | T. Raimbault

82. THE CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING A SUCCESSFUL IPM PROGRAM IN PEAR

P.D. VanBuskirk | R.J. Hilton

83. CONTROL OF FIRE BLIGHT BY PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS A506 INTRODUCED INTO UNOPENED PEAR FLOWERS

R.B. Elkins | C.A. Ingels | S.E. Lindow

84. FRUIT AND LEAF INCIDENCE OF PEAR SCAB (VENTURIA PIRINA ADERH.) IN MIXED EUROPEAN AND ASIAN PEAR PROGENIES

L. Brewer | P. Alspach | V. Bus

85. SCAB RESISTANCE IN PYRUS GERMPLASM

J.D. Postman | R.A. Spotts | J. Calabro

86. POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE IN PYRUS GERMPLASM

M. Serdani | R.A. Spotts | J.M. Calabro | J.D. Postman

87. TEST OF FUNGICIDES AGAINST STEMPHYLIUM VESICARIUM ON PEAR WITH OR WITHOUT A WARNING SYSTEM

P.F. de Jong | B. Heijne | A. Boshuizen

88. AGE DETERMINATION AND TREE-RING GROWTH DYNAMICS IN OLD TREES OF PYRUS COMMUNIS ‘ANGELICA’

D. Neri | C. Urbinati | G. Savini | A. Sanchioni