Articles
BREEDING OF ALL-MALE CULTIVAR ‘YUJIRO’ IN HOKKAIDO, COOL AND SNOW COVER REGION IN JAPAN
Article number
776_53
Pages
403 – 410
Language
English
Abstract
A breeding program was carried out to obtain all-male hybrids adapted to the cool and snow cover Hokkaido region of Japan in the 1980’s and 1990s.
In 1982, seeds collected from a male plant ‘UC873-3’ introduced from California University gave 38 plants, out of which nine were super male (M/M). They were crossed with 12 female plants selected in Hokkaido and 84 all-male hybrids were obtained from 1985 to 1989. In the first yield evaluation trial of these experimental hybrids, carried out from 1990 to 1994 at Hokkai Can Research Field on a clayey soil with drainage problem, some of them gave higher yield and earlier harvest than references, ‘MW500W’ and ‘Hokkai 100’. The best all-male hybrid ‘F84 x SM19’ yielded 4.65 t/ha of marketable spears, 1.4 times more than ‘Hokkai 100’. Besides a higher Growth Index (plant length x stalk number x stalk width) and a better tip shape, ‘F84 x SM19’ produced more medium size spears and emerged 2-3 days earlier than ‘Hokkai 100’. In the subsequent comparative trial carried out from 1997 to 2001. ‘F84 x SM19’ showed same productivity as cultivars ‘Gijnlim’ and ‘Carlim’. Following results obtained, ‘F84 x SM19’ was recorded as a commercial cultivar for green and named ‘Yujiro’ in 2002. Yield evaluation of ‘Yujiro’ on the well-drained volcanic ash field at Biei Agricultural Research Center, central region in Hokkaido, ‘Yujiro’ yielded less than recent all-male European hybrids.
In 1982, seeds collected from a male plant ‘UC873-3’ introduced from California University gave 38 plants, out of which nine were super male (M/M). They were crossed with 12 female plants selected in Hokkaido and 84 all-male hybrids were obtained from 1985 to 1989. In the first yield evaluation trial of these experimental hybrids, carried out from 1990 to 1994 at Hokkai Can Research Field on a clayey soil with drainage problem, some of them gave higher yield and earlier harvest than references, ‘MW500W’ and ‘Hokkai 100’. The best all-male hybrid ‘F84 x SM19’ yielded 4.65 t/ha of marketable spears, 1.4 times more than ‘Hokkai 100’. Besides a higher Growth Index (plant length x stalk number x stalk width) and a better tip shape, ‘F84 x SM19’ produced more medium size spears and emerged 2-3 days earlier than ‘Hokkai 100’. In the subsequent comparative trial carried out from 1997 to 2001. ‘F84 x SM19’ showed same productivity as cultivars ‘Gijnlim’ and ‘Carlim’. Following results obtained, ‘F84 x SM19’ was recorded as a commercial cultivar for green and named ‘Yujiro’ in 2002. Yield evaluation of ‘Yujiro’ on the well-drained volcanic ash field at Biei Agricultural Research Center, central region in Hokkaido, ‘Yujiro’ yielded less than recent all-male European hybrids.
Publication
Authors
T. Yakuwa, T. Harada, N. Kasai, N. Inoue, K. Yamabuki, Y. Minagawa, T. Maeda, H. Tamura, H. Araki
Keywords
super male, sex ratio, all male cultivar, botanical characteristics, yield, cool region
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