POSSIBILITIES OF THE UTILIZATION OF ANTIGIBBERELLINS IN SEEDLESS TABLE GRAPE BREEDING

Seedless table grape varieties can be used as female parents in breeding efforts using pre-bloom antigibberrellin treatments in field conditions and subsequent in vitro embryo culture of seed traces.
Two-year experiments with two seedless table grape genotypes having different seed trace types (‘Jupiter’ and ‘Neptún’), with three antigibberellins (daminozide, paclobutrazol, chlormequat) at high and low concentrations, respectively, and with various pollinators, were carried out.
In order to evaluate the role of antigibberellins, the first year we used a simple Tukay medium with only sugar, macro- and microelements, and intact seed traces, and the second year we used a modified Bouquet – Davis medium with activated charcoal and without plant hormones, and seed traces, halved at chalazal region, respectively.
As the antigibberellin treatments affected the seed traces in various kinds (seed trace number, fresh and dry weight, endosperm development, hardening of the inner layer of testa), the seed traces cultured showed statistically different embryo content (from 25% to nearly 100% of seed traces cultured), callus formation, direct embryo germination (from 0% to nearly 100% of all embryos), and plant conversion (from 0% to nearly 100% of germinated and rescued embryos) respectively.

IX International Conference on Grape Genetics and Breeding

A. Korpás, J. Hradilík

seedless grape breeding, antigibberellins, endosperm, embryo rescue

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2009.827.39