Articles
ASIAN PEAR BREEDING FOR SUBTROPICAL AREAS OF BRAZIL
Article number
864_10
Pages
81 – 86
Language
English
Abstract
Crosses among Asian (P. pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai) and European (P. communis L.) pear cultivars were made from 1992 to 1998 aiming to find new pear types for subtropical areas of Brazil.
The first interspecific hybrids of IAC pear breeding program were planted in various regions of São Paulo State, at latitudes from 21°11S to 24°11S and 11 to 200 chilling units (CU). The hybrids and its parents were genetically characterized through RAPD markers.
In the progeny of Okusankichi × D’água, the mean age for the first bearing and fruit development period (FDP) were 3.8 years and 137 days, respectively.
The fruit characters: early-ripening, rounded shape, russet-brown skin and crisp flesh were dominant in all crosses of Asian × Asian and Asian × European pears.
Twenty-six hybrids were selected, from which 12 are still under test in subtropical-tropical climate (0-80CU): IAC193-18, IAC193-122, IAC194-5, IAC194-32, IAC194-135, IAC293-5, IAC294-3, IAC294-117, IAC394-11, IAC394-14, IAC394-115 and IAC494-2. Their main characteristics are: fruit shapes rounded, oblate, oblong or pyriform, russet-brown or green skin, crisp or soft flesh; plant medium-high vigor, upright-spreading form and FDP from 110 to 160 days.
Through RAPD analysis, it was verified a clear separation among Asian and European types, which confirms the effectiveness of this technique for hybrid identification from different botanical groups.
The first interspecific hybrids of IAC pear breeding program were planted in various regions of São Paulo State, at latitudes from 21°11S to 24°11S and 11 to 200 chilling units (CU). The hybrids and its parents were genetically characterized through RAPD markers.
In the progeny of Okusankichi × D’água, the mean age for the first bearing and fruit development period (FDP) were 3.8 years and 137 days, respectively.
The fruit characters: early-ripening, rounded shape, russet-brown skin and crisp flesh were dominant in all crosses of Asian × Asian and Asian × European pears.
Twenty-six hybrids were selected, from which 12 are still under test in subtropical-tropical climate (0-80CU): IAC193-18, IAC193-122, IAC194-5, IAC194-32, IAC194-135, IAC293-5, IAC294-3, IAC294-117, IAC394-11, IAC394-14, IAC394-115 and IAC494-2. Their main characteristics are: fruit shapes rounded, oblate, oblong or pyriform, russet-brown or green skin, crisp or soft flesh; plant medium-high vigor, upright-spreading form and FDP from 110 to 160 days.
Through RAPD analysis, it was verified a clear separation among Asian and European types, which confirms the effectiveness of this technique for hybrid identification from different botanical groups.
Authors
W. Barbosa, I.M. Murata, A.F.C. Tombolato, L.M.M. Meletti, R.F.A. Veiga
Keywords
Pyrus spp., cultivars, low chilling, climate adaptation, pomological characteristics, RAPD, Instituto Agronômico
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