Articles
FACTORS AFFECTING ESSENTIAL OIL QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF DAMASK ROSE IN TWO REGIONS OF SOUTHERN IRAN
Article number
870_32
Pages
241 – 248
Language
English
Abstract
Factors affecting quantity and quality of essential oil of Damask rose in two regions of southern Iran (Meimand and Shiraz) in both fresh and dried flowers were studied at different harvesting times.
Contents and types of constituents of oil were determined by GC and GC-MS methods.
Forty three components were found in Damask rose flower essence.
In Meimand, 33 components in fresh flowers and 35 components in dried flowers were found, which accounted for 97.8 and 95.2% of total components, respectively.
In Shiraz, components of essence were found to be 33 components in fresh flowers and 36 components in dried flowers, 98.3 and 93.7% of total components, respectively.
The components were classified into 5 groups: monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, hydrocarbons, aldehydes and fatty acids.
In each region the highest amount of monoterpenes alcohol was observed in fresh flower essence of Meimand and Shiraz (42.8 and 46.2%, respectively). Comparison of compositions of fresh and dried flowers showed that some of the compounds such as decanoic acid, b-elemen, geranyl acetone, dodecanoic acid, pentadecanal, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanal, octadecanoic acid, tetracosane and pentacosane were not observed in fresh flowers.
On the other hand, terpinin-4-ol, citronellyl acetate, geranyl acetate,
-guaiene, pentadecane, 
-caryophyllene, elemol, octadecane and hexadecanoic acid were not found in dried flowers.
Drying the flowers decreased monoterpenes such as citrinellol and geranoil and sesquiterpenes but increased hydrocarbons, fatty acids and some compounds such as linalool and phenylethyl alcohol.
The planting site, had no effect on the type of essence components in fresh flowers but the percentage of compounds were affected with this treatment and in dried flowers affected both traits.
Harvesting time had no effects on the types of components but percentages of components were changed by this treatment.
Contents and types of constituents of oil were determined by GC and GC-MS methods.
Forty three components were found in Damask rose flower essence.
In Meimand, 33 components in fresh flowers and 35 components in dried flowers were found, which accounted for 97.8 and 95.2% of total components, respectively.
In Shiraz, components of essence were found to be 33 components in fresh flowers and 36 components in dried flowers, 98.3 and 93.7% of total components, respectively.
The components were classified into 5 groups: monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, hydrocarbons, aldehydes and fatty acids.
In each region the highest amount of monoterpenes alcohol was observed in fresh flower essence of Meimand and Shiraz (42.8 and 46.2%, respectively). Comparison of compositions of fresh and dried flowers showed that some of the compounds such as decanoic acid, b-elemen, geranyl acetone, dodecanoic acid, pentadecanal, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanal, octadecanoic acid, tetracosane and pentacosane were not observed in fresh flowers.
On the other hand, terpinin-4-ol, citronellyl acetate, geranyl acetate,
-guaiene, pentadecane, -caryophyllene, elemol, octadecane and hexadecanoic acid were not found in dried flowers.Drying the flowers decreased monoterpenes such as citrinellol and geranoil and sesquiterpenes but increased hydrocarbons, fatty acids and some compounds such as linalool and phenylethyl alcohol.
The planting site, had no effect on the type of essence components in fresh flowers but the percentage of compounds were affected with this treatment and in dried flowers affected both traits.
Harvesting time had no effects on the types of components but percentages of components were changed by this treatment.
Authors
M. Honarvar, M. Khosh-Khui, K. Javidnia
Keywords
GC, GC-MS, monoterpenes, oil compositions, Rosa damascene
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