Home > IX International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems > DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW APPLE ROOTSTOCK FRAMEWORK MAP

Articles

DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW APPLE ROOTSTOCK FRAMEWORK MAP

Article number

903_4

Pages

69 – 74

Language

English

Abstract

Rootstock breeding at East Malling began in the 1920s and is still active.
A new East Malling Rootstock Club was established in April 2008 with support from the INN (International New Varieties Network) and the HDC (Horticultural Development Company) to fund and commercialise rootstock improvement in apple and pear.
Developing and releasing a new rootstock can take up to 30 years as there are few reliable early selection techniques for breeders to use.
The development of molecular markers linked to key traits would enable the breeder to select improved material at a much earlier stage.
Here we present a framework SSR (microsatellite) map of the progeny from the back-cross between the dwarfing M.27 and the more vigorous, aphid resistant M.116. Markers were chosen to span the genome using the recently published Fiesta × Totem map as a reference.
The resulting map has all 17 linkage groups representing the 17 chromosomes in apple.
Work is continuing to saturate the map and to add phenotypic traits to enable the identification of linked markers.

Publication

IX International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems

Authors

K.M. Evans, F. Fernández-Fernández, C.L. Govan, J.B. Clarke, K.R. Tobutt

Keywords

Malus × domestica, markers, microsatellites

Full text

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.903.4

Online Articles (170)

1. CHANGING CONCEPTS OF EFFICIENCY IN ORCHARD SYSTEMS

J.W. Palmer

2. REFLECTIONS ON MY 40 YEARS OF FRUIT RESEARCH

F. Lenz

3. IMPLEMENTATION OF MOLECULAR MARKER TECHNOLOGIES IN THE APPLE ROOTSTOCK BREEDING PROGRAM IN GENEVA – CHALLENGES AND SUCCESSES

G. Fazio | H.S. Aldwinckle | T.L. Robinson | Y. Wan

4. DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW APPLE ROOTSTOCK FRAMEWORK MAP

K.M. Evans | F. Fernández-Fernández | C.L. Govan | J.B. Clarke | K.R. Tobutt

5. MAPPING GENES EXPRESSED PREFERENTIALLY IN APPLE ROOTSTOCKS

A.M. Baldo | G. Fazio | Y. Wan | K. Gasic | S. Korban

6. MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR DURABLE FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN APPLE

7. ROOTSTOCK-REGULATED GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING IN APPLE TREES REVEALS GENES WHOSE EXPRESSION LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE

8. CONFIRMATION BY QTL MAPPING OF THE MALUS ROBUSTA (‘ROBUSTA 5’) DERIVED POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE GENE PL1

Y. Wan | G. Fazio

9. A RAPD MARKER LINKED TO THE RESISTANCE GENE TO ALTERNARIA LEAF SPOT (ALTERNARIA MALI ROBERTS) IN ‘QINGUAN’ APPLE

L. Zhao | Y. Zhao | Y. Wan | Z. Dang

10. NON-DORMANT EVERGROWING PEACH AS A TOOL FOR DISCOVERING GENES INVOLVED IN VEGETATIVE GROWTH CESSATION

S. Jimenéz | Z. Li | G.L. Reighard | D.G. Bielenberg

11. PEACH ROOTSTOCKS INDUCING DIFFERENT VIGOUR REFLECT GENOMIC, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN ROOTS

R. Muleo | M.C. Intrieri | C. Iacona | E. Maggi | F. Loreti

12. THE DISTRIBUTION OF WILD APPLE GERMPLASM IN NORTHWEST CHINA AND ITS POTENTIAL APPLICATION FOR APPLE ROOTSTOCK BREEDING

13. BREEDING OF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN POLAND – THE LATEST RESULTS

14. THE RESULTS OF THE ESTONIAN APPLE ROOTSTOCK BREEDING PROGRAM

T. Univer | N. Univer | K. Tiirmaa

15. ‘QINGZHEN 1’ AND ‘QINGZHEN 2’, TWO APPLE ROOTSTOCKS WITH HIGH APOMITIC FRUIT SETTING ABILITY

16. MALUS XIAOJINENSIS – A PROMISING APPLE ROOTSTOCK WITH RESISTANCE TO FE CHLOROSIS

17. A DWARFING APPLE ROOTSTOCK: ‘LIAOZHEN 2’

18. COLD-AND-DROUGHT RESISTANT DWARFING APPLE ROOTSTOCKS FROM MALUS BACCATA

19. DEVELOPMENT OF COLD RESISTANT APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN CHINA

20. ST JEAN 84 (SJ84) DWARF WINTER HARDY APPLE ROOTSTOCK SERIES

21. OTTAWA 3 AMÉLIORÉ (O.3A) APPLE ROOTSTOCK

22. ST JEAN MORDEN (SJM) DWARF WINTER HARDY ROOTSTOCK SERIES

23. HYBRIDIZING ‘MCINTOSH WIJCIK’ AND HEAT-TOLERANT APPLE CULTIVARS TO DEVELOP PRECOCIOUS SEEDLING TREES WITH IMPROVED TREE ARCHITECTURE

24. THE HISTORY OF APPLE BREEDING IN PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

25. INRA-IRTA PEAR ROOTSTOCK BREEDING PROGRAM: AIMING FOR TOLERANCE TO IRON CHLOROSIS

26. PROGRESS IN DEVELOPING ARMILLARIA RESISTANT ROOTSTOCKS FOR USE WITH PEACH

T.G. Beckman

27. CONTROLLER 5, CONTROLLER 9 AND HIAWATHA PEACH ROOTSTOCKS: THEIR PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGY

T.M. DeJong | R.S. Johnson | K.R. Day

28. BREEDING OF STONE FRUIT ROOTSTOCKS ADAPTED TO SOUTH AFRICAN SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

S. Booi | H. Ham

29. SELECTING AND FINGERPRINTING THE NEXT GENERATION OF SIZE-CONTROLLING ROOTSTOCKS FOR SWEET CHERRY

J.W. Olmstead | M.D. Whiting | A.M. Sebolt | A.F. Iezzoni

30. EVALUATION OF APRICOT BREEDING SELECTION RESISTANCE TO PATHOGEN ATTACK

M. Trandafirescu | A. Indreias | I. Trandafirescu

31. PERFORMANCE OF GENEVA^® ROOTSTOCKS IN ON-FARM TRIALS IN NEW YORK STATE

T.L. Robinson | S.A. Hoying | G. Fazio

32. FRENCH EVALUATION OF THE CG ROOTSTOCKS: HISTORY AND RESULTS

M.H. Simard | C. Cattanéo | S. Codarin | L. Roche | H.S. Aldwinckle

33. EVALUATION OF DWARFING ROOTSTOCKS IN WASHINGTON APPLE REPLANT SITES

34. PERFORMANCE OF GENEVA^® 30 APPLE ROOTSTOCK IN NOVA SCOTIA

35. PERFORMANCE OF CORNELL GENEVA APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN SOUTH AFRICA

C. Costa

36. COLD TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE OF G.16 AND G.935 APPLE ROOTS

R.E. Moran | D. Zhang | Y. Sun

37. DEGREE OF DWARFING AND PRODUCTIVITY OF EIGHT APPLE ROOTSTOCKS WITH WINTER HARDY SCIONS

E. Hoover | S. McKay | A. Telias | D. Bedford

38. EARLY PERFORMANCE OF ‘BUCKEYE GALA’ GRAFTED ON 13 APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN MEXICO

C.H. Chávez-González | R.A. Parra-Quezada | M.R. Ramírez-Legarreta | J.L. Jacobo-Cuellar

39. COMPARISON OF THREE CG, APPLE ROOTSTOCKS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ‘JONAGOLD’, ‘NOVASPY’ AND ‘MCINTOSH’ IN ATLANTIC CANADA

J.P. Privé | A. LeBlanc | C.G. Embree

40. PERFORMANCE OF ‘GALA’ APPLE TREES ON SUPPORTER 4 AND DIFFERENT STRAINS OF B.9, M.9, AND M.26 ROOTSTOCKS AS PART OF THE 2002 NC-140 APPLE ROOTSTOCK TRIAL

41. PERFORMANCE OF SEVERAL DWARFING ROOTSTOCKS WITH ‘FUJI’ AND ‘MCINTOSH’ AS SCION CULTIVARS IN THE 1999 NC-140 DWARF APPLE ROOTSTOCK TRIALS

42. PERFORMANCE OF SEVERAL SEMI-DWARFING ROOTSTOCKS WITH ‘FUJI’ AND ‘MCINTOSH’ AS SCION CULTIVARS IN THE 1999 NC-140 SEMI-DWARF APPLE ROOTSTOCK TRIALS

43. PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF SUPPORTED AND FREE STANDING ‘HONEYCRISP’ TREES ON 24 APPLE ROOTSTOCKS

J.P. Privé | A. LeBlanc | C.G. Embree

44. PERFORMANCE OF EIGHT SEMI-DWARF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS AT THREE APPLE GROWING REGIONS IN EASTERN CANADA

J.P. Privé | C.G. Embree | S. Khanizadeh

45. FRUIT ROOTSTOCK RESEARCH IN EUROPE PERFORMED BY EUFRIN ROOTSTOCK GROUP

D. Kviklys

46. SEARCH FOR A MORE DWARFING ROOTSTOCK FOR ‘JONAGOLD’ APPLE

J. Vercammen | A. Gomand

47. APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN LATVIAN ORCHARDS – SITUATION AND TENDENCIES

M. Skrivele | E. Rubauskis | L. Ikase

48. EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF FRUIT ROOTSTOCKS IN BELARUS

Z.A. Kazlouskaya | V.A. Samus

49. SCREENING OF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS FOR RESPONSE TO APPLE PROLIFERATION DISEASE

C. Lankes | G. Baab

50. OVERVIEW OF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN SOUTH AFRICA

C. Costa | P.J.C. Stassen

51. EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCK ON LEAF AND FRUIT MACRO-ELEMENT COMPOSITION IN ‘REINDERS GOLDEN DELICIOUS’ APPLE

J. Joubert | P.J.C. Stassen | J. Wooldridge

52. ROOTSTOCK EFFECTS ON FRUIT DROP AND QUALITY OF ‘GALA GALAXY’ AND ‘GOLDEN DELICIOUS REINDERS’ APPLES

D.D. Miller | J. Racsko

53. EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCK ON TASTE-RELATED PROPERTIES OF NORDIC APPLE CULTIVARS

L. Mainla | M. Noormets | U. Moor | K. Karp | M. Jalakas

54. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GROWTH INDUCING ROOTSTOCKS ON ALTERNATE BEARING OF ‘ROYAL GALA’ AND ‘VISTA BELLA’ APPLES

J. Racsko | D.D. Miller

55. INTERACTIONS OF APPLE ROOTSTOCK AND PLANTING HEIGHT IN THE YOUNG ORCHARD

D. Kviklys

56. INVESTIGATION OF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN THE NURSERY

D. Kviklys | J. Lanauskas | J. Sakalauskaite | N. Kvikliene | N. Uselis

57. EFFECT OF INDOLE-3-BUTYRIC ACID ON CUTTINGS OF MM.106 AND MM.111 APPLE ROOTSTOCKS

58. EFFECT OF INTERSTOCK ON JUVENILITY AND TREE SIZE OF ‘AMBRI’ APPLE

Z.A. Bhat | A.H. Pandit | W.M. Wani | J.A. Rather

59. AGRONOMICAL PERFORMANCE AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ‘CONFERENCE’ PEAR GRAFTED ON CLONAL QUINCE AND PEAR ROOTSTOCKS

I. Iglesias | L. Asín

60. PERFORMANCE OF ‘COSCIA’ PEAR (PYRUS COMMUNIS) ON NINE ROOTSTOCKS IN THE NORTH OF ISRAEL

R.A. Stern | I. Doron

61. EVALUATION OF THE OHXF SELECTIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO QUINCE ROOTSTOCKS FOR PEAR: AGRONOMICAL PERFORMANCE OF ‘CONFERENCE’ AND ‘DOYENNÉ DU COMICE’

J.M. Alonso | J. Gómez-Aparisi | J.M. Ansón | M.T. Espiau | M. Carrera

62. EVALUATION OF SEVEN PEAR ROOTSTOCKS IN LATVIA

J. Lepsis | I. Drudze

63. PERFORMANCE OF PRUNUS ROOTSTOCKS IN THE 2001 NC-140 PEACH TRIAL

64. GUARDIAN^® PEACH ROOTSTOCK PERFORMANCE AND PREPLANT SOIL FUMIGATION EFFECTS IN A FALLOW SITE

M.L. Parker | D. Ritchie | G.L. Reighard

65. PERFORMANCE OF NECTARINE ROOTSTOCKS ON DIFFERENT SOIL TYPES

P.J.C. Stassen

66. FIELD PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT SPECIES AND HYBRIDS AS ROOTSTOCKS FOR PEACH

F.R. De Salvador

67. INFLUENCE OF THE ROOTSTOCK ON THE AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF ‘JESCA’ PEACH UNDER REPLANT CONDITIONS

J.M. Alonso | J.L. Espada

68. PEACH ROOTSTOCKS DIFFER IN THEIR GROWTH RESPONSES TO BOTH HIGH AND LOW ROOT TEMPERATURES

P. Malcolm | I. Barchia | P. Holford | B. McGlasson

69. PERFORMANCE OF SOME PEACH ROOTSTOCKS IN THE NURSERY IN SOUTHEAST ROMANIA

A. Indreias

70. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ROOTSTOCK AND SCION GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF PEACH

A. Indreias

71. INTERSTEMS BUT NOT GRAFTING HEIGHT CONTROL VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF YOUNG ‘REDHAVEN’ PEACH TREES

A.M. Weibel | G.L. Reighard

72. GISELA^® CHERRY ROOTSTOCKS COMPARED FOR VIRUS TOLERANCE AND FIELD PERFORMANCE

C. Lankes

73. ELEVEN-YEAR EVALUATION OF THE GISELA AND WEIROOT SERIES OF CHERRY ROOTSTOCKS IN BULGARIA

V. Lichev | A. Papachatzis

74. THE EFFECT OF EIGHT CLONAL ROOTSTOCKS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF ‘KORDIA’ SWEET CHERRY TREES

M. Sitarek | Z.S. Grzyb | L. Sas-Paszt

75. EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCK AND INTERSTOCK ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF THREE SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS

E. Rozpara | Z.S. Grzyb | A. Glowacka

76. KRYMSK^®1 (VVA-1), A DWARFING ROOTSTOCK SUITABLE FOR HIGH DENSITY PLUM ORCHARDS IN THE NETHERLANDS

F.M. Maas | J.M.T. Balkhoven | G. Heijerman-Peppelman | P.A.H. van der Steeg

77. PERFORMANCE OF ROOTSTOCKS FOR PLUMS (PRUNUS SALICINA) ON DIFFERENT SOIL TYPES

P.J.C. Stassen | E.Y. Reinten

78. EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS ON GROWTH, YIELD, QUALITY AND GRANULATION OF ‘HAMLIN’ ORANGE IN OMAN

A.S. Al-Hosni | S. Mustafa | K. Al-Busaidi | M. Al-Jabri | H. Al-Azri

79. THE TALL SPINDLE PLANTING SYSTEM: PRINCIPLES AND PERFORMANCE

T.L. Robinson | S.A. Hoying | G.H. Reginato

80. BI-AXIS: AN ALTERNATIVE TO SLENDER SPINDLE FOR APPLE ORCHARDS

A. Dorigoni | P. Lezzer | N. Dallabetta | S. Serra | S. Musacchi

81. AN ARCHITECTURAL-BASED TREE TRAINING AND PRUNING – IDENTIFICATION OF KEY FEATURES IN THE APPLE

P.E. Lauri | B. Hucbourg | M. Ramonguilhem | D. Méry

82. EFFECTS OF PRUNING ON THE APPLE TREE: FROM TREE ARCHITECTURE TO MODELING

D. Fumey | P.E. Lauri | Y. Guédon | C. Godin | E. Costes

83. CHANGES IN FRUITING BEHAVIOUR AND VEGETATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ‘SCIFRESH’ APPLE IN RESPONSE TO ARTIFICIAL SPUR EXTINCTION USING CENTRIFUGAL TRAINING

D.S. Tustin | G.A. Dayatilake | R.E. Henriod | K.C. Breen | M. Oliver

84. THE PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMIC COMPARISON OF HIGH-DENSITY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS FOR ‘CRIPPS PINK’ AND ‘CRIPPS RED’ APPLES IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA

P. James | S. Middleton

85. INFLUENCE OF TRAINING SYSTEM ON PRODUCTION OF THREE APPLE CULTIVARS

R.M. Crassweller | D.E. Smith

86. MILLENNIUM PLANTING DENSITY TRIAL OF ‘BRAMLEY’S SEEDLING’ APPLE ON M.9 AND M.27 ROOTSTOCKS 2000-2007

S. Mac an tSaoir | G. Cross | R. Harun

87. EFFECTS OF TWO PLANTING SYSTEMS ON ‘FLORINA’ AND ‘GENEROS’ APPLE TREES GRAFTED ON M.26 ROOTSTOCK

I. Platon | F. Stănică

88. HIGH DENSITY ORCHARD SYSTEM OF COMPACT ‘BRAMLEY’S SEEDLING’ APPLE CLONES ON M.9 AND M.27 ROOTSTOCKS

S. Mac an tSaoir | J. Mansfield | F. Ward | J. Archer

89. THE EFFECT OF PLANTING DENSITY OF ‘BRAMLEY’S SEEDLING’ APPLE ON MM.111/M.9 ROOTSTOCKS WITH AN M.9 CONTROL IN SITES SUFFERING FROM APPLE REPLANT DISEASE

S. Mac an tSaoir | J. Mansfield | G. Cross | R. Harun

90. EFFECTS OF THREE PLANTING SYSTEMS ON APPLE TREE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY

F. Stănică | I. Platon

91. ANNUAL LARGE LIMB REMOVAL FOR MANAGING THE KENTVILLE FREE STANDING TREE WALL

C.G. Embree

92. THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS ON APPLE AND ASIAN PEAR TREE GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY, EXPENSES AND REVENUES IN A HOT, HUMID CLIMATE

C.S. Walsh | A.R. Ottesen | M.J. Newell | J.C. Hanson | E.H. Leone

93. APPLE CROP AND FRUIT QUALITY INFLUENCED BY LOW AND HIGH PLANTING DENSITIES ON M.9 AND M.27 ROOTSTOCKS IN NORTHERN GERMANY

R. Stehr

94. DORMANT SPUR-WOOD PRUNING SEVERITY IMPACTS ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH, BLOSSOM INTENSITY AND FRUIT WEIGHT OF ‘HONEYCRISP’ APPLE TREES

D.S. Nichols | C.G. Embree | S.A.E. Fillmore

95. PERFORMANCE OF ‘GOLDEN RUSSET BOSC’ PEAR ON FIVE TRAINING SYSTEMS AND NINE ROOTSTOCKS

R.B. Elkins | T.M. DeJong

96. EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCK, MULCHING AND NITROGEN APPLICATION ON GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ‘FORELLE’ PEAR

M.S. North | K. de Kock | R. Rhode

97. DIFFERENT PLANTING SYSTEMS FOR ‘CONFERENCE’ PEAR

J. Vercammen

98. A MULTI-CULTIVAR ANNUAL TOPWORKING SYSTEM FOR ASIAN PEAR PRODUCTION IN SUBTROPICAL CHINESE TAIPEI

K.T. Li | J.C. Chang

99. EFFECT OF TIMING OF TOPPING TO REDUCE TREE HEIGHT ON SUBSEQUENT YEAR VIGOR OF EARLY-SEASON ‘ARCTIC STAR’ NECTARINE

K.R. Day | R.S. Johnson | T.M. DeJong

100. HIGH TUNNEL SWEET CHERRY STUDIES: INNOVATIVE INTEGRATION OF PRECISION CANOPIES, PRECOCIOUS ROOTSTOCKS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY

G. Lang | T. Valentino | H. Demirsoy | L. Demirsoy

101. COMPARING THE ECONOMICS OF MECHANICAL AND TRADITIONAL SWEET CHERRY HARVEST

C.F. Seavert | M.D. Whiting

102. EARLY FRUIT GROWTH AND DROP – THE ROLE OF CARBON BALANCE IN THE APPLE TREE

A.N. Lakso

103. PREDICTING CHEMICAL THINNER RESPONSE WITH A CARBOHYDRATE MODEL

T.L. Robinson | A.N. Lakso

104. USING CONCEPT-BASED COMPUTER SIMULATION MODELING TO STUDY AND DEVELOP AN INTEGRATED UNDERSTANDING OF TREE CROP PHYSIOLOGY

T.M. DeJong | R. Favreau | Y.L. Grossman | G. Lopez

105. CROP LOAD MANAGEMENT OF TREE FRUITS IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST OF USA

T.R. Schmidt | T.D. Auvil | I. Hanrahan | F. Castillo | J.R. McFerson

106. THE INFLUENCE OF CROP LOAD, SHOOT TYPE, CANOPY STRUCTURE, AND LEAF ZONAL CHLOROSIS ON LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF ‘HONEYCRISP’ APPLE TREES

S. Fleck | C.G. Embree | D.S. Nichols

107. SELECTIVE MECHANICAL THINNING TO REGULATE FRUIT SET, IMPROVE QUALITY AND OVERCOME ALTERNATE BEARING IN FRUIT CROPS

D. Veal | L. Damerow | M.M. Blanke

108. THINNING EFFECTS ON ‘SCIFRESH’ APPLE FRUIT QUALITY AT HARVEST AND AFTER STORAGE

109. IMPROVEMENT OF THE FRUIT SET OF ‘JONAGOLD’ APPLE

J. Vercammen | A. Gomand

110. DOES AVAILABILITY OF SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATE RESERVES DETERMINE APPLE FRUIT SET?

D.D. Archbold | M. Nosarzewski | B. Wu | P. Vuppalapati

111. SORBITOL AVAILABILITY AND SORBITOL DEHYDROGENASE EXPRESSION DURING APPLE BUD DEVELOPMENT FROM BUDBREAK TO BLOOM

M. Nosarzewski | D.D. Archbold

112. THE EFFECT OF TIME OF SCORING ON YIELD, FRUIT AND SHOOT GROWTH AND REPRODUCTIVE BUD DEVELOPMENT ON ‘ROYAL GALA’, ‘FUJI’ AND ‘CRIPPS’ PINK’ APPLE TREES

J.J.B. Pretorius | K.I. Theron | S.J.E. Midgley

113. DORMANT CARBOHYDRATE RESERVES OF TWO PEACH CULTIVARS GRAFTED ON DIFFERENT VIGOR ROOTSTOCKS

A.M. Weibel | G.L. Reighard | N.C. Rajapakse | T.M. DeJong

114. CROP LOAD ALTERS WATER POTENTIAL AND DAILY VASCULAR FLOWS IN PEACH FRUIT

B. Morandi | P. Losciale | L. Manfrini | M. Zibordi | L. Corelli Grappadelli

115. PEACH FLOWER BUDS THINNED WITH DORMANT APPLICATIONS OF VEGETOIL^® ADJUVANT PLUS ETHEPHON

G.L. Reighard | D. Ouellette | K. Brock

116. BLOSSOM THINNING OF ‘REDHAVEN’ AND ‘BABYGOLD 5’ PEACHES WITH DIFFERENT CHEMICALS

T.M. Yoon | T.L. Robinson | J.L. Osborne

117. PROHEXADIONE-CALCIUM AND NAA SPRAYS INCREASE FRUIT WEIGHT OF ‘CASTLEBRITE’ APRICOT

G.H. Reginato | K.G. Mesa

118. CROP REGULATION AND CYTOKININ SPRAYS TO IMPROVE ‘SWEETHEART’ SWEET CHERRY FRUIT SIZE

G.H. Reginato | T.L. Robinson | T.M. Yoon

119. INITIAL ALTERATION OF SHOOT ARCHITECTURE BY DWARFING APPLE ROOTSTOCKS INVOLVES SHOOT/ROOT/SHOOT SIGNALLING BETWEEN AUXINS, GIBBERELLINS AND CYTOKININS

B.M. van Hooijdonk | D.J. Woolley | I.J. Warrington | D.S. Tustin

120. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SIZE-CONTROLLING ROOTSTOCKS ON ‘FUJI’ APPLE SCIONS

T. Tworkoski | G. Fazio

121. REDUCTION OF SHOOT GROWTH AND WINTER PRUNING IN APPLE TREES TREATED WITH PROHEXADIONE CALCIUM

J.L. Petri | G. Berenhauser-Leite | F.J. Hawerroth | C. Basso

122. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHOOT LENGTH AND UTILIZATION OF RESERVE NUTRITION AFTER HEADING CUTS IN YOUNG APPLE TREES

O. Arakawa | J. Xu | T. Asada

123. EFFECT OF SOIL TYPE ON ROOT ARCHITECTURE AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY ROOTS OF YOUNG APPLE ROOTSTOCKS

W. Fan | H. Yang

124. APPLE TREE DEVELOPMENT AFFECTED BY SOIL TEXTURE AND VERTICAL SOIL VOLUME

125. ANATOMIC FEATURES OF THE YOUNG GRAFTED APPLE TREES

V. Zamorskyi

126. STUDIES ON TREE ARCHITECTURE IN YOUNG ‘RED FUJI’ APPLE TREE

J. Yuanmao | P. Futian | S. Huairui

127. FERTILITY LEVEL AFFECTS APPLE ROOTSTOCK STRUCTURE AND ROOT:SHOOT RATIO

128. THE IMPACT OF ROOTSTOCK AND IRRIGATION ON WATER USE, TREE GROWTH, NUTRITION, YIELD, AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ‘PACIFIC GALA’ APPLE

E. Fallahi | B. Fallahi | B. Shafii | J.R. McFerson

129. RELATIONSHIP OF PIGMENTS AND SUGARS IN FRUIT PEELS OF ‘RED FUJI’ APPLES AT VARIOUS DEBAGGING TIMES

130. HEXOSE CHARACTERISTICS OF PEACH FRUIT AND LEAVES

131. THE PEDICEL’S ROLE IN POSTHARVEST WEIGHT LOSS OF TWO SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS

E.D. Smith | M.D. Whiting

132. INFLUENCE OF THE ROOTSTOCK ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE FLOWER BUDS IN TWO CHERRY CULTIVARS

A. Papachatzis | V. Lichev

133. SAMPLING TO COMPARE RELATIVE ROOT DISTRIBUTION IN FRUIT TREES

B.L. Black | D. Drost | T. Lindstrom | G.L. Reighard

134. INITIAL RESULTS FOR LOW-CHILLING NECTARINE CULTURE IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF SOUTHEAST SPAIN

J. Garcia-Brunton | M.C. Sánchez-Jácome | J. Garcia-Garcia | A. Soler-Montoya

135. DIFFERENCES IN MINERAL NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION OF DORMANT CHERRY SPURS AS AFFECTED BY ROOTSTOCK, SCION, AND ORCHARD SITE

136. CONTRIBUTIONS OF SHORT- AND LONG-SHOOTS TO YIELD OF ‘KERMAN’ PISTACHIO

T.M. Spann | R.H. Beede | T.M. DeJong

137. STUDIES ON THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF FLOWERING IN LONGAN (DIMOCARPUS LONGAN)

138. ASPECTS OF MACADAMIA FLOWERING AND THE APPLICATIONS TO CANOPY MANAGEMENT

J.D. Wilkie | M. Sedgley | T. Olesen

139. ESTABLISHMENT AND GROWTH PARAMETERS OF SOME WILD ALMONDS IN IRAN

140. POSSIBLE PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF PREMATURE FRUIT DROP IN MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) IN NORTHERN VIETNAM

M.G. Roemer | M. Hegele | J.N. Wünsche | P.T. Huong

141. EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF BORON AND ZINC ON FRUIT SET AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ALMOND

142. REGULATION OF CALCIUM UPTAKE AND TRANSLOCATION IN PLANTS

H. Yang | Y. Jie | X. Shao

143. EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WEED CONTROL MEASURES ON WEED POPULATION AND GROWTH PARAMETERS OF APPLE NURSERY PLANTS

144. EFFECTS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE AND HIGH SOLAR IRRADIANCE ON SUNBURN, QUALITY, AND SKIN PIGMENTS OF APPLE FRUIT

145. INFLUENCE OF CULTIVARS AND ROOTSTOCKS ON THE INCIDENCE OF SUNBURN DAMAGE ON APPLE FRUIT IN THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN HEMISPHERES

146. VARIETAL DIFFERENCE OF APPLE PEEL IN RESPONSE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE AND HIGH LIGHT STRESS AS EVALUATED BY CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE

P. Li | L. Cheng

147. WHY DO EARLY HIGH SPRING TEMPERATURES REDUCE PEACH FRUIT SIZE AND YIELD AT HARVEST?

G. Lopez | K.R. Day | T.M. DeJong

148. WEATHER CONDITIONS AFFECT FRUIT WEIGHT, HARVEST DATE AND SOLUBLE SOLIDS CONTENT OF ‘CRESTHAVEN’ PEACHES

149. HIGH TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON CITRUS ORANGE LEAF GAS EXCHANGE, FLOWERING, FRUIT QUALITY AND YIELD

A. Otero | C. Goni | J.L. Jifon | J.P. Syvertsen

150. THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE ON CARBON DIOXIDE EXCHANGE OF ATTACHED ‘ROYAL GALA’, ‘FUJI’ AND ‘CRIPPS’ PINK’ APPLE FRUITS

J.J.B. Pretorius | K.I. Theron | S.J.E. Midgley

151. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND LIGHT LEVEL ON EFFICIENCY OF CHEMICAL THINNER ON ‘EMPIRE’ APPLE TREES

T.M. Yoon | T.L. Robinson | G.H. Reginato

152. REFLECTIVE GROUND COVERS INCREASE YIELDS OF TARGET FRUIT OF APPLE AND PEAR

I. Hanrahan | T.R. Schmidt | F. Castillo | J.R. McFerson

153. IMPROVING LIGHT CONDITIONS BY USE OF REFLECTIVE MULCH CLOTH (EXTENDAY^TM) IN AN APPLE ORCHARD UNDER HAIL NETS

A.A. Solomakhin | M.M. Blanke

154. EFFECTS OF SHOOT AND LEAF DISTRIBUTION ON MICROCLIMATE AND FRUIT QUALITY IN ‘FUJI’ APPLE

155. YIELD PREDICTION IN FRUIT CROPS USING IMAGE ANALYSIS

D. Stajnko | M.M. Blanke

156. EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON APPLE ‘GOLDEN DELICIOUS’ PHENOLOGY – BASED ON 50 YEARS OF METEOROLOGICAL AND PHENOLOGICAL DATA IN KLEIN-ALTENDORF

A. Kunz | M.M. Blanke

157. CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE WESTERN CAPE OF SOUTH AFRICA: TRENDS, PROJECTIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CHILL UNIT ACCUMULATION

S.J.E. Midgley | E. Lötze

158. MODEL PREDICTION OF THE SPRING PHENOLOGY FOR ‘FUJI’ APPLE

T. Asakura

159. EFFECTS OF ROW ORIENTATION AND CANOPY INCLINATION ON GAS EXCHANGE AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN THE ASYMMETRIC PEACH ORCHARD

P. Losciale | L. Manfrini | M. Zibordi | L. Corelli Grappadelli

160. INFLUENCE OF COLOURED HAILNETS ON LIGHT SPECTRA, LIGHT TRANSMISSION AND MICROCLIMATE AS WELL AS MICROMORPHOLOGY AND PERMEABILITY OF ASTOMATOUS CUTICLES OF APPLE LEAVES

M.M. Blanke | M. Hunsche

161. MODIFICATIONS TO PEACH PHENOLOGY BY INOCULATION WITH SINGLE AND MULTIPLE GRAFT-TRANSMISSIBLE AGENTS

P.G. Gibson | G.L. Reighard | S.W. Scott | D. Marini

162. A SURVEY OF DAMAGE OF CITRUS IN THE MAZANDARAN REGION OF IRAN FOLLOWING THE JANUARY 2008 FREEZE

H. Sadeghi | A. Ghanbari

163. WHOLE-CANOPY PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND TRANSPIRATION IN FIELD-GROWN PAPAYA PLANTS

164. AN APPLE-SPECIFIC ET MODEL

D. Dragoni | A.N. Lakso

165. WATER CONSUMPTION IN LYSIMETER-GROWN APPLE AND PEAR TREES WITH DIFFERENT TRAINING SYSTEMS

J. Girona | J. del Campo | G. Lopez | M. Mata | J. Marsal

166. DROUGHT IN PEACH ORCHARDS: SUMMER PRUNING VS. FRUIT THINNING FOR WATER STRESS MITIGATION AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF WATER STRESS

G. Lopez | J. Girona | J. Marsal

167. EFFECTS OF PARTIAL ROOTZONE IRRIGATION ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN APPLE TREES AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY

168. IMPROVING ORCHARD WATER USE EFFICIENCY BY ROOT TREATMENT

H. Yang | Y. Jie

169. REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION OF ‘MONTMORENCY’ TART CHERRIES

K.A. Papenfuss | B.L. Black

170. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INVOLVED IN WATERLOGGING STRESS IN PRUNUS

M.J. Rubio-Cabetas | M.L. Amador | J. Gómez-Aparisi | J. Jaime | S. Sancho