Articles
CRYOTHERAPY COULD NOT ERADICATE CHRYSANTHEMUM STUNT VIROID FROM INFECTED ARGYRANTHEMUM MADERENSE ‘YELLOW EMPIRE’
Article number
1039_26
Pages
201 – 208
Language
English
Abstract
Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) was first reported in US in the 1940s and is widespread in the world wherever chrysanthemum is grown.
Cryotherapy of shoot tips, a new biotechnology developed in the recent years, is a novel application of plant cryopreservation techniques that allows pathogen eradication at a high frequency.
Existing studies have proven that this technique can efficiently eradicate pathogens such as virus, phytoplasma and bacterium.
However, up to now, there has been no report on viroid eradication.
In the present study, we attempted to establish a droplet vitrification cryotherapy method for Argyranthemum and to apply it to eradicate CSVd.
Results obtained so far demonstrated that cryotherapy of shoot tips alone failed to eradicate CSVd from the infected shoot tips of Argyranthemum maderense Yellow Empire. Using in situ hybridization of CSVd and histological analysis, we found that CSVd can invade meristematic cells and at the same time, these cells were able to survive following cryotherapy.
These findings explained why cryotherapy of shoot tips alone could not be efficient enough to eradicate CSVd from the diseased materials.
Further studies combining cold treatment with cryotherapy are under investigation for CSVd eradication.
Cryotherapy of shoot tips, a new biotechnology developed in the recent years, is a novel application of plant cryopreservation techniques that allows pathogen eradication at a high frequency.
Existing studies have proven that this technique can efficiently eradicate pathogens such as virus, phytoplasma and bacterium.
However, up to now, there has been no report on viroid eradication.
In the present study, we attempted to establish a droplet vitrification cryotherapy method for Argyranthemum and to apply it to eradicate CSVd.
Results obtained so far demonstrated that cryotherapy of shoot tips alone failed to eradicate CSVd from the infected shoot tips of Argyranthemum maderense Yellow Empire. Using in situ hybridization of CSVd and histological analysis, we found that CSVd can invade meristematic cells and at the same time, these cells were able to survive following cryotherapy.
These findings explained why cryotherapy of shoot tips alone could not be efficient enough to eradicate CSVd from the diseased materials.
Further studies combining cold treatment with cryotherapy are under investigation for CSVd eradication.
Authors
Z.B. Zhang, S. Haugslien, J.L. Clark, C. Spetz, D.-R. Blystad, Q.C. Wang, Y. Lee, A. Sivertsen, G. Skjeseth
Keywords
CSVd, histological analysis, in situ hybridization, shoot tips
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