Articles
In vitro evaluation of bioagents and fungitoxicants against Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani causing corm rot of saffron (Crocus sativus) in Kashmir, India
Article number
1200_21
Pages
125 – 132
Language
English
Abstract
Present study was carried out in the Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) during 2005-2010. The results revealed the association of six fungi viz., Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. pallidoroseum, F. equiseti, Mucor sp. and Penicillium sp. with corm rot of saffron.
The pathogenicity test revealed only F. oxysporum and F. solani as the potential pathogens.
Other fungi, though produced rot symptoms, were weak pathogens. Mucor sp., however, could not produce any rot symptoms.
Five isolates of Trichoderma viride and two isolates of T. harzianum evaluated against F. oxysporum and F. solani in dual culture study under in vitro conditions, revealed T. viride-2, T. viride-1 and T. harzianum-2 isolates as the most effective bio-agents in inhibiting percent radial growth (54.20 to 75.46% and 50.00 to 61.06%) of F. oxysporum and F. solani, respectively.
Among the fungitoxicants, carbendazim at 200 µg mL-1 showed complete (100%) mycelia inhibition, followed by hexaconazole 5 EC (72.20 and 80.70%) at 500 µg mL-1 concentration, captan at 1000 µg mL-1 (89.96 and 75.90%) followed by mancozeb 75 WP (76.40 and 72.63%) of F. oxysporum and F. solani, respectively.
The minimum Ethal concentration (EC50) which inhibit 50% mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and F. solani was recorded in carbendazim and difenconazole (<25 µg mL-1), respectively followed by hexaconazole (<25 and 48.77 µg mL-1), respectively, in systemic funigices.
The EC90 value recorded in systemic fungicides was 111.52 and 105.68 µg mL-1 against Fusarium oxysporium and F. solani, respectively, in carbendazim.
Difenconazole and hexaconazole, myclobutanil and bitertanol depicted EC90 value >500 µg mL-1 .The EC50 of captan was 44.35 µg mL-1 followed by mancozeb (71.51 µg mL-1) and dodine (109.40 µg mL-1), simlilarly EC90 value recorded was above 1000 µg mL-1 in case of non-systemic ones.
The pathogenicity test revealed only F. oxysporum and F. solani as the potential pathogens.
Other fungi, though produced rot symptoms, were weak pathogens. Mucor sp., however, could not produce any rot symptoms.
Five isolates of Trichoderma viride and two isolates of T. harzianum evaluated against F. oxysporum and F. solani in dual culture study under in vitro conditions, revealed T. viride-2, T. viride-1 and T. harzianum-2 isolates as the most effective bio-agents in inhibiting percent radial growth (54.20 to 75.46% and 50.00 to 61.06%) of F. oxysporum and F. solani, respectively.
Among the fungitoxicants, carbendazim at 200 µg mL-1 showed complete (100%) mycelia inhibition, followed by hexaconazole 5 EC (72.20 and 80.70%) at 500 µg mL-1 concentration, captan at 1000 µg mL-1 (89.96 and 75.90%) followed by mancozeb 75 WP (76.40 and 72.63%) of F. oxysporum and F. solani, respectively.
The minimum Ethal concentration (EC50) which inhibit 50% mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and F. solani was recorded in carbendazim and difenconazole (<25 µg mL-1), respectively followed by hexaconazole (<25 and 48.77 µg mL-1), respectively, in systemic funigices.
The EC90 value recorded in systemic fungicides was 111.52 and 105.68 µg mL-1 against Fusarium oxysporium and F. solani, respectively, in carbendazim.
Difenconazole and hexaconazole, myclobutanil and bitertanol depicted EC90 value >500 µg mL-1 .The EC50 of captan was 44.35 µg mL-1 followed by mancozeb (71.51 µg mL-1) and dodine (109.40 µg mL-1), simlilarly EC90 value recorded was above 1000 µg mL-1 in case of non-systemic ones.
Authors
M.-U.-D. Shah, M. Ahmad, V. Sagar, B.A. Padder, F.A. Ahanger, T.A. Sofi, A. Nabi, A.A. Mir, S. Kausar
Keywords
bio-control, corm rot, Croccus sativus, fungitoxicants, in vitro evaluation, management, saffron
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