Articles
The effects of pollinizers, pollen and pistil quality, and fruit set of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) cultivars and perspective hybrids
Article number
1362_84
Pages
621 – 627
Language
English
Abstract
Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) produces a relatively small number of fruit almost every year despite many flowers blooming annually.
This is probably due to pollination problems, as most genotypes are self-sterile.
Therefore, pollinators play an important role in ensuring good Japanese quince yields.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of pollen and pistils of cultivars and promising hybrids, and to determine the degree of self-fertility and identify more suitable pollinators for Japanese quince cultivar Rondo. On average, pollen germination in vitro changed from 36.5 to 55.1% during the study.
Defective pistils formed in 9.1-81.8% of all investigated cultivars, with numbers fluctuating depending on genotype.
The largest number of defective pistils were found for cultivar Darius: 64.9%. A negative correlation was determined between the number of defective pistils and the final fruit set at open pollination.
Artificial self-pollination was performed for 4 years. Rasa was the only cultivar with a consistent fruit set (from 6.3 to 19.1%) every year.
Due to meteorological conditions differing between years, Rasa is now considered self-fertile, which is a valuable trait for C. japonica. The combinations of the 6 genotypes with Rondo showed fruit set between 2.06 and 11.2% throughout the study period. Rondo had the highest fruit set when pollinated by Ada in both years (10.2 and 19.1%, respectively). Compared with open pollination (9.4 and 13.6%, respectively), a higher number of harvested fruits was obtained when Ada was used as a pollinator.
This is probably due to pollination problems, as most genotypes are self-sterile.
Therefore, pollinators play an important role in ensuring good Japanese quince yields.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of pollen and pistils of cultivars and promising hybrids, and to determine the degree of self-fertility and identify more suitable pollinators for Japanese quince cultivar Rondo. On average, pollen germination in vitro changed from 36.5 to 55.1% during the study.
Defective pistils formed in 9.1-81.8% of all investigated cultivars, with numbers fluctuating depending on genotype.
The largest number of defective pistils were found for cultivar Darius: 64.9%. A negative correlation was determined between the number of defective pistils and the final fruit set at open pollination.
Artificial self-pollination was performed for 4 years. Rasa was the only cultivar with a consistent fruit set (from 6.3 to 19.1%) every year.
Due to meteorological conditions differing between years, Rasa is now considered self-fertile, which is a valuable trait for C. japonica. The combinations of the 6 genotypes with Rondo showed fruit set between 2.06 and 11.2% throughout the study period. Rondo had the highest fruit set when pollinated by Ada in both years (10.2 and 19.1%, respectively). Compared with open pollination (9.4 and 13.6%, respectively), a higher number of harvested fruits was obtained when Ada was used as a pollinator.
Authors
E. Kaufmane, S. Ruisa, K. Karklina
Keywords
pollen germination, defective pistils, pollination, fertilization, self-(in)compatibility
Groups involved
- Division Plant Genetic Resources, Breeding and Biotechnology
- Division Ornamental Plants
- Division Tropical and Subtropical Fruit and Nuts
- Division Vegetables, Roots and Tubers
- Division Temperate Tree Nuts
- Division Temperate Tree Fruits
- Division Vine and Berry Fruits
- Division Greenhouse and Indoor Production Horticulture
- Division Postharvest and Quality Assurance
- Division Horticulture for Human Health
- Commission Agroecology and Organic Farming Systems
- Working Group Genetic Transformation and Gene Editing
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