Articles
GENETIC RESOURCES OF TEMPERATE ZONE FRUITS IN TURKEY
Article number
565_3
Pages
33 – 37
Language
English
Abstract
Turkey is one of the main fruit production centers of the world.
It is a center of origin and diversity of apple, pear, quince, apricot, plum, sweet cherry, sour cherry, strawberry, dogwood, almond, walnut, hazelnut, chestnut, etc.
There is a large genetic diversity for all these species in various parts of the country.
Many accessions of local apple, apricot and sweet cherry varieties are mainly seen in the Middle Anatolia.
Diversity in plums (Prunus cerasifera) and almonds is observed in every part of the country.
As far as stone fruits are concerned, almost all Prunus species are grown in the country.
Recently, the most widely extending species are sweet cherries, nectarines and apricots.
Wild sweet cherries, originating in the Black Sea forests and the cultivated sweet cherries are distributed mainly in the north, west and southern parts of the country.
Anatolia has also a large number of populations or landraces of wild almonds and apricots.
Apple, pear, quince, sweet cherry, apricot, peach, walnut, almond, pistachio, and pecans were collected at the University of Çukurova to widen fruit genetic resources, and to promote their conservation and utilisation.
Many accessions of apple, pear, quince, apricot, plum and sweet cherry were also investigated.
Emphasis is given to collection and preservation, as well as to characterisation and evaluation of temperate zone fruits, particularly on Prunus.
A great amount of work has been done on the evaluation of rootstocks, with good results in almond x peach hybrids In the Mediterranean region.
A special attention is given to peach breeding for low chilling requirement varieties suitable to the subtropical conditions and to obtain very late ripening varieties adapted to high altitudes.
Molecular markers are used for the identification of sweet cherry and almond varieties and early identification of peach x almond hybrids.
Germplasm preservation is essential and has a great value for the present and future plant breeding programs in Turkey.
Therefore, the creation of an international network will be very important for the identification, collection and conservation of disappearing valuable genetic plant materials.
Also, the exchange of this unique germplasm for the future scientific research and exchange of information among the international community.
It is a center of origin and diversity of apple, pear, quince, apricot, plum, sweet cherry, sour cherry, strawberry, dogwood, almond, walnut, hazelnut, chestnut, etc.
There is a large genetic diversity for all these species in various parts of the country.
Many accessions of local apple, apricot and sweet cherry varieties are mainly seen in the Middle Anatolia.
Diversity in plums (Prunus cerasifera) and almonds is observed in every part of the country.
As far as stone fruits are concerned, almost all Prunus species are grown in the country.
Recently, the most widely extending species are sweet cherries, nectarines and apricots.
Wild sweet cherries, originating in the Black Sea forests and the cultivated sweet cherries are distributed mainly in the north, west and southern parts of the country.
Anatolia has also a large number of populations or landraces of wild almonds and apricots.
Apple, pear, quince, sweet cherry, apricot, peach, walnut, almond, pistachio, and pecans were collected at the University of Çukurova to widen fruit genetic resources, and to promote their conservation and utilisation.
Many accessions of apple, pear, quince, apricot, plum and sweet cherry were also investigated.
Emphasis is given to collection and preservation, as well as to characterisation and evaluation of temperate zone fruits, particularly on Prunus.
A great amount of work has been done on the evaluation of rootstocks, with good results in almond x peach hybrids In the Mediterranean region.
A special attention is given to peach breeding for low chilling requirement varieties suitable to the subtropical conditions and to obtain very late ripening varieties adapted to high altitudes.
Molecular markers are used for the identification of sweet cherry and almond varieties and early identification of peach x almond hybrids.
Germplasm preservation is essential and has a great value for the present and future plant breeding programs in Turkey.
Therefore, the creation of an international network will be very important for the identification, collection and conservation of disappearing valuable genetic plant materials.
Also, the exchange of this unique germplasm for the future scientific research and exchange of information among the international community.
Authors
A.B. Kuden
Keywords
germplasm collection, molecular markers, Prunus
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