Articles
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL METHODS OF CONTROLLING FUSARIUM WILT OF CARNATION AS ALTERNATIVES TO METHYL BROMIDE TREATMENTS
Article number
698_23
Pages
175 – 180
Language
English
Abstract
Soil solarization (SS) conducted for 4-6 weeks in summer 2001 and 2002, in a greenhouse in SW Spain heavily infested by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (FOD), resulted in daily maximum hourly (DMH) soil temperatures 5-7°C higher than in untreated (UT) controls, depending on year and depth.
The high DMH temperatures (34-46°C) significantly reduced FOD viability up to 30 cm depth in SS plots.
Fusarium wilt (FW) incidence was much reduced during the 7 months following SS in 2001, and a delay of 4 months in disease onset was observed compared with the UT control.
In 2002, two soil fumigation treatments [methyl bromide (MB) at 30 g.m-2, and 1,3-dichloropropene:chloropicrin (DC) at 40 mL.m-2] were also conducted.
FOD inoculum was undetectable after these treatments, both at 15 and 30 cm depth.
Two carnation cultivars, susceptible and resistant to FOD, were compared.
The rapid increase of FW in UT plots reached 100% after 15 months, in contrast with its delay and a low FW incidence (5-17%) after 20 months in SS and MB plots.
Following DC treatment, however, FW reached 30 and 52% depending on the cv. used.
Yields in MB plots were only slightly higher than in SS plots.
Results in DC plots were satisfactory.
The requirement of optimal conditions during SS, as well as its duration, are critical for its use as a feasible MB alternative.
The high DMH temperatures (34-46°C) significantly reduced FOD viability up to 30 cm depth in SS plots.
Fusarium wilt (FW) incidence was much reduced during the 7 months following SS in 2001, and a delay of 4 months in disease onset was observed compared with the UT control.
In 2002, two soil fumigation treatments [methyl bromide (MB) at 30 g.m-2, and 1,3-dichloropropene:chloropicrin (DC) at 40 mL.m-2] were also conducted.
FOD inoculum was undetectable after these treatments, both at 15 and 30 cm depth.
Two carnation cultivars, susceptible and resistant to FOD, were compared.
The rapid increase of FW in UT plots reached 100% after 15 months, in contrast with its delay and a low FW incidence (5-17%) after 20 months in SS and MB plots.
Following DC treatment, however, FW reached 30 and 52% depending on the cv. used.
Yields in MB plots were only slightly higher than in SS plots.
Results in DC plots were satisfactory.
The requirement of optimal conditions during SS, as well as its duration, are critical for its use as a feasible MB alternative.
Publication
Authors
J.M. Melero-Vara, C.J. López-Herrera, M.J. Basallote-Ureba, J.A. Navas, M. López, M.D. Vela, L. González, R. Moraza, A.M. Prados-Ligero
Keywords
chemical treatments, Dianthus caryophyllus, soil solarization, vascular wilt
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