Articles
COMBINING SOLAR HEAT, ON-FARM WASTES AND SUMMER IRRIGATION FOR IMPROVED CONTROL OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. CUMINI
Article number
698_24
Pages
181 – 186
Language
English
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted during the crop-free period (April-June) of 2000 and 2001 to ascertain the combined effects of heat, on-farm wastes and summer irrigation for the control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini causing wilt of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Fusarium infested soil was exposed to: 1. Natural heat for 90 days intervened by 20 days of polyethylene mulching after application of amendments; 2. Natural heat for continuous 90 days; 3. Infested soil kept at room temperature and then exposed to natural heat for 32 days after addition of amendments and; 4. Infested soil exposed to mild temperatures under shade.
There were six amendment treatments and they were: Euphorbia hirta, Celosia argentea, Verbisina encelioides, onion, mustard residues and mustard oil-cake singly or in combination.
During 20 days of polyethylene mulching soil temperature exceeded 50°C for the entire period in the year 2001 compared to 16 days in 2000. In 2000 maximum reduction of Fusarium propagules (95.5%) was achieved with Verbisina followed by mustard (93.7%). However, in 2001 combining onion, Verbisina or mustard oil-cake with mustard residues completely eradicated Fusarium propagules at 7 cm soil depth.
A significant improvement in reduction of Fusarium propagules was estimated when soil was continuously exposed to heat for 58 days compared to unexposed soils.
However, the magnitude of reduction varied with the type of amendments and level of heat in both years of experimentation.
Studies conclusively demonstrated that Verbisina residues can be an option to mustard oil-cake for use as a supplement to mustard residues for the control of Fusarium propagules in hot arid region.
There were six amendment treatments and they were: Euphorbia hirta, Celosia argentea, Verbisina encelioides, onion, mustard residues and mustard oil-cake singly or in combination.
During 20 days of polyethylene mulching soil temperature exceeded 50°C for the entire period in the year 2001 compared to 16 days in 2000. In 2000 maximum reduction of Fusarium propagules (95.5%) was achieved with Verbisina followed by mustard (93.7%). However, in 2001 combining onion, Verbisina or mustard oil-cake with mustard residues completely eradicated Fusarium propagules at 7 cm soil depth.
A significant improvement in reduction of Fusarium propagules was estimated when soil was continuously exposed to heat for 58 days compared to unexposed soils.
However, the magnitude of reduction varied with the type of amendments and level of heat in both years of experimentation.
Studies conclusively demonstrated that Verbisina residues can be an option to mustard oil-cake for use as a supplement to mustard residues for the control of Fusarium propagules in hot arid region.
Publication
Authors
Satish Lodha, Sunil Israel
Keywords
Cumin, Verbisina encelioides, mustard oil-cake, mustard residues, onion, polyethylene mulching
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