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Articles

SUGGESTIONS TO IMPROVE LEEWARD VENTILATION OF LARGE SPAN GREENHOUSES

Article number

801_112

Pages

949 – 954

Language

English

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to improve air exchange and temperature distribution in multi-span greenhouses with leeward ventilation (with roof ventilators opening in the opposite direction to external air flows). Bi-dimensional CFD simulations were conducted on a 96-m-wide, fifteen-span greenhouse with a sloping roof.
A uniform 500 Wm^-2 heat source heated the greenhouse air from the soil surface to simulate solar heating of greenhouses with negligible transpiration.
Simulations were made for this greenhouse with its side walls closed and its roof vents open in the opposite direction to the wind direction, for a wind speed of 3 ms^-1. The scalar field of temperature showed some areas with pockets of hot air that would hinder crop growth.
Based on a study of the static pressure field around the greenhouse structure, we tested a number of modifications to the ventilation system that aimed to eliminate these hot areas.
Simulations showed that significant improvements in temperature and uniformity could be achieved with relatively minor modifications to the ventilation system.
For instance, an area of low pressure was observed on the roof, near the gutter of the first span facing the wing.
A ventilator built in this area proved a very efficient air outlet.
Furthermore, keeping the windward side of the greenhouse closed and the lee side wall open greatly favoured the entry of air on the lee side.
We also detected that an area of hot air was created at or around every fourth span of the structure.
This problem was solved by increasing the ventilation area at four-span intervals.
The study showed that it is possible to design efficient leeward ventilation systems by arranging the openings more efficiently and by making minor modifications to existing ventilation systems.

Publication

International Symposium on High Technology for Greenhouse System Management: Greensys2007

Authors

J.I. Montero, A. Antón, M. Melé, P. Muñoz, M.C. Cid, V. Raya

Keywords

CFD, internal climate, air movement, temperature distribution

Full text

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.801.112

Online Articles (198)

1. INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR AN EFFICIENT USE OF ENERGY

J.C. Bakker | S.R. Adams | T. Boulard | J.I. Montero

2. INNOVATION IN PLANT-GREENHOUSE INTERACTIONS AND CROP MANAGEMENT

E. Heuvelink | M.M. González-Real

3. INNOVATION IN GREENHOUSE ENGINEERING

G. Giacomelli | N. Castilla | E. van Henten | D. Mears | S. Sase

4. MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PLASTIC NETS FOR PROTECTED CULTIVATION

P. Picuno | A. Tortora | C. Sica

5. FLOW THROUGH INCLINED AND CONCERTINA-SHAPE SCREENS

M. Teitel | O. Liron | Y. Haim | I. Seginer

6. THE EFFECT OF HEIGHT ON SCREENHOUSE MICROCLIMATE

J. Tanny | M. Teitel | M. Barak | Y. Esquira | R. Amir

7. INNOVATIVE PHOTOSELECTIVE AND PHOTOLUMINESCENT PLASTIC FILMS FOR PROTECTED CULTIVATION

8. AGEING CHARACTERIZATION TO DETERMINE THE LIFE DURATION OF DIFFERENT LDPE BASED DEVICES USED FOR GREENHOUSE ROOF

B. Youssef | M. Benzohra | J.M. Saiter | A. Dehbi | A. Hamou

9. REDUCTION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PLASTIC FILMS FOR GREENHOUSE COVERING BY USING FLUOROPOLYMERIC MATERIALS

10. EFFECTS OF A DYNAMIC LIQUID FOAM TECHNOLOGY ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION, MICROCLIMATE, LEAF GAS EXCHANGES AND FRUIT YIELD IN GREENHOUSE VEGETABLE PRODUCTION

11. GLASS MICROSPHERES COVERING FILM: AGRONOMIC EVALUATIONS ON THE PRODUCTION OF CUT FLOWERS

G. Magnani | F. Filippi | M. Cascone | A. Ferraresi

12. EFFECTS OF AGROCHEMICALS ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PLASTIC FILMS FOR GREENHOUSE COVERING

G. Vox | E. Schettini | L. Stefani | M. Modesti | E. Ugel

13. IMPACT OF SUNLIGHT SPECTRUM MODIFICATION ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF READY-TO-USE LETTUCE AND ROCKET SALAD GROWN ON FLOATING SYSTEM

G. Magnani | F. Filippi | E. Borghesi | M. Vitale

14. STARCH-BASED FILMS AND SPRAY COATINGS AS BIODEGRADABLE ALTERNATIVES TO LDPE MULCHING FILMS

15. USE OF COOL PLASTIC FILMS FOR GREENHOUSE COVERING IN SOUTHERN SPAIN

16. EFFECTS OF A SHADING AND AN INSULATING FOAM INJECTED BETWEEN DOUBLE POLYETHYLENE FILMS ON LIGHT TRANSMISSION, GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF GREENHOUSE TOMATO

17. CHARACTERIZATION OF GALACTOMANNANS AND CELLULOSE FIBRES BASED COMPOSITES FOR NEW MULCHING SPRAY TECHNOLOGY

B. Immirzi | M. Malinconico | G. Santagata | D. Trautz

18. PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIODEGRADABLE PAPER COATED WITH BLENDS BASED ON PHA

F. Salemi | G. Lamagna | V. Coco | L.G. Barone

19. INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE VOLUME/AREA RATIO ON SOIL SOLARIZATION EFFICIENCY

A. Miceli | A. Moncada | G. Camerata Scovazzo | F. D'Anna

20. THE OPTIMISATION OF THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL PLASTIC WASTE IN ITALY USING A GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

G. Scarascia-Mugnozza | C. Sica | P. Picuno

21. THE INFLUENCE OF COLOUR ON RADIOMETRIC PERFORMANCES OF AGRICULTURAL NETS

S. Castellano | S. Hemming | G. Russo

22. EFFECT OF INSECT SCREEN CONFIGURATION ON NATURAL VENTILATION IN A SINGLE-SPAN GLASSHOUSE

S. Sase | L. Okushima | M. Suzuki

23. SPECTRO-RADIOMETRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PLASTIC NETS FOR PROTECTED CULTIVATION

C. Sica | P. Picuno

24. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOLIDITY RATIO, COLOUR AND SHADING EFFECT OF AGRICULTURAL NETS

S. Castellano | A. Candura | G. Scarascia Mugnozza

25. COOLING NATURALLY VENTILATED GREENHOUSES IN THE TROPICS BY NEAR-INFRA RED REFLECTION

U.N. Mutwiwa | B. von Elsner | H.J. Tantau | J.F.J. Max

26. EFFECTS OF ANTI-DRIP COVER MATERIALS ON MICROCLIMATE AND PRODUCTION OF A HYDROPONIC CUCUMBER CROP

N. Katsoulas | CH. Manolaraki | C. Kittas | T. Bartzanas

27. PROPERTIES OF NEW BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS FOR MULCHING, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THEIR DEGRADATION IN THE LABORATORY AND IN THE FIELD

L. Martin-Closas | A.M. Pelacho | P. Picuno | D. Rodríguez

28. NEW BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS FOR GREENHOUSE SOIL MULCHING

G. Cascone | A. D'Emilio | E. Buccellato | R. Mazzarella

29. WEED CONTROL WITH BIODEGRADABLE MULCH IN VEGETABLE CROPS

30. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENTS OF GREENHOUSE FLOWER CULTIVATION BY MEANS OF LCA METHODOLOGY

G. Russo | G. Scarascia Mugnozza | B. De Lucia Zeller

31. IMAGE PROCESSING FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF CROP SHELTERS

C. Arcidiacono | S.M.C. Porto

32. THE USE OF RURAL SHAPES AND MATERIALS IN ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE

P. Dal Sasso | G. Ruggiero | G. Marinelli

33. ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT ON RURAL LANDSCAPE OF WIDE COVERINGS FOR CROP GROWING

A. Tortora | P. Picuno

34. CORRELATION OF KEY AGRICULTURAL PLASTIC WASTE PARAMETERS WITH THE QUALITY OF THE RESULTING WASTE STREAM

D. Briassoulis | E. Babou | M. Hiskakis

35. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF COMMON USED AGRICULTURAL PLASTIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU

U. Bos | C. Makishi | M. Fischer

36. AGRICULTURAL PLASTIC WASTE MAPPING IN GREECE

M. Hiskakis | D. Briassoulis | E. Babou | K. Liantzas

37. LCA (LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT) OF ROSES AND CYCLAMENS IN GREENHOUSE CULTIVATION

G. Russo | P. Buttol | M. Tarantini

38. USE OF COMPOSTABLE POTS FOR POTTED ORNAMENTAL PLANTS PRODUCTION

39. BIODEGRADABLE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS FOR PROTECTED CULTIVATION

D. Briassoulis | M. Hiskakis | E. Babou

40. THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF COVER DESIGN PARAMETERS ON TOMATO PRODUCTION OF A PASSIVE GREENHOUSE

B. Vanthoor | C. Stanghellini | E. van Henten | J.C. Gázquez Garrido

41. EFFECT OF VENT CONFIGURATION AND WIND SPEED ON THREE-DIMENSIONAL TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTIONS IN A NATURALLY VENTILATED MULTI-SPAN GREENHOUSE BY WIND TUNNEL EXPERIMENTS

42. MODELING OF GREENHOUSE CLIMATE USING EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS

I.L. López-Cruz | A. Ramírez-Arias | A. Rojano-Aguilar | A. Ruiz-García

43. CHARACTERIZING OF COOLING EQUIPMENT FOR CLOSED GREENHOUSES

H.F. de Zwart | F.L.K. Kempkes

44. THE PULSA (PLANT-BASED UNIT FOR LIFE SUPPORT IN ANTARCTICA): A SUSTAINABLE PLANT FOOD PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOR REMOTE AND ISOLATED ENVIRONMENTS

45. GREENHOUSE COOLING STRATEGIES FOR MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE AREAS

46. ELECTRONIC SPREADSHEET TOOLS FOR LAYOUT DESIGN OF GREENHOUSES

M. Eben-Chaime | A. Bechar | A. Baron

47. RETRACTABLE ROOF GREENHOUSE SYSTEMS FOR SLOPED AREAS: COMPARISON OF TWO SYSTEMS

R. Berruto | P. Busato | A. Debenedetti

48. SUSTAINABLE CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE FOR URBAN AREAS

J. Nelkin | T. Caplow

49. COOLING AND HEATING OF GREENHOUSE IN ARID AREA BY EARTH TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

G. Sharan | K. Jethva

50. CAB: THE BIOREGENERATIVE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM. A FEASIBILITY STUDY ON THE SURVIVABILITY OF HUMANS IN A LONG-DURATION SPACE MISSIONS

51. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE INTEGRATION REGIMES WITH LOW PRE-NIGHT TEMPERATURES ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION, MICROCLIMATE, AND FRUIT YIELD IN EARLY GREENHOUSE TOMATO PRODUCTION

Xiuming Hao | M.S. Borhan | Jingming Zheng

52. DEVELOPMENT OF A NATURAL VENTILATION MODEL FOR A TALL, GUTTER-VENTED, MULTI-SPAN DOUBLE-LAYER POLYETHYLENE GREENHOUSE

M.S. Borhan | X. Hao

53. OPTIMIZATION OF REDUCED MODEL OF ORDER TWO OF A GREENHOUSE USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS

M. Hassane | D. Belkacem | B. Fateh

54. PREDICTION THE SPATIAL AIR TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF AN EXPERIMENTAL GREENHOUSE USING GEOSTATISTICAL METHODS

A.A. Sapounas | CH. Nikita-Martzopoulou | A. Spiridis

55. DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A WEB-BASED TELEMONITOR FOR GREENHOUSE ENVIRONMENTS

Sun Zhong-fu | K.M. Du | H.F. Han

56. INTELLIGROW 2.0 – A GREENHOUSE COMPONENT-BASED CLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEM

J. Markvart | S. Kalita | B. Nørregaard Jørgensen | J. Mazanti Aaslyng | C.-O. Ottosen

57. FITTING THE MBM-A MODEL OF PLANT GROWTH TO THE DATA OF TOMGRO: IMPLICATION FOR GREENHOUSE OPTIMAL CONTROL

I. Ioslovich | P.-O. Gutman

58. A LOW-COST MULTIHOP WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK, ENABLING REAL-TIME MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA FOR THE GREENHOUSE AND NURSERY INDUSTRY

59. EXCHANGE OF KNOWLEDGE BETWEEN RESEARCH AND HORTICULTURAL PRACTICE THROUGH THE INTERNET

60. A NEURAL NETWORK MODEL TO PREDICT TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY IN A GREENHOUSE

R. Salazar | I. López | A. Rojano

61. WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS: STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE

B. van Tuijl | E. van Os | E. van Henten

62. ROBOTIC HARVEST OF CUT FLOWERS BASED ON IMAGE PROCESSING BY USING GERBERA JAMESONII AS MODEL PLANT

M. Kawollek | T. Rath

63. DEVELOPMENT OF AN END EFFECTOR FOR A STRAWBERRY-HARVESTING ROBOT

S. Yamamoto | S. Hayashi | H. Yoshida | K. Kobayashi | K. Shigematsu

64. HORTICULTURAL ROBOTICS: SEVEN YEARS OF EXPERIMENTATION

G. Belforte | P. Gay | P. Piccarolo | D. Ricauda | R. Deboli

65. COLLISION-FREE INVERSE KINEMATICS OF A 7 LINK CUCUMBER PICKING ROBOT

E.J. Van Henten | E.J. Schenk | L.G. van Willigenburg | J. Meuleman | P. Barreiro

66. INVESTIGATIONS ABOUT THE TECHNICAL BASICS OF LASER BEAM USE FOR PLANT MANIPULATION

C. Wöltjen | T. Rath | D. Herzog

67. TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY DISTRIBUTION INSIDE A GREENHOUSE USING WIRELESS SENSORS

68. PROPOSAL OF A METHODOLOGY FOR FUNCTIONAL INSPECTION OF SPRAYERS USED IN GREENHOUSE

P. Balsari | G. Oggero

69. IMPROVEMENT IN PESTICIDE APPLICATION ON GREENHOUSE CROPS: RESULTS OF A SURVEY ABOUT GREENHOUSE STRUCTURES IN ITALY

C. Baldoin | P. Balsari | E. Cerruto | S. Pascuzzi | M. Raffaelli

70. PLANT SOLARIMETER FOR ENERGY BALANCE

T. Takakura

71. A PROTOTYPE SENSOR FOR ESTIMATING LIGHT INTERCEPTION BY PLANTS IN A GREENHOUSE

72. OPEN-LOOP OPTIMAL TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN GREENHOUSES

E.J. Van Henten | J. Bontsema

73. SCREENHOUSE MICROCLIMATE EFFECTS ON CUCUMBER PRODUCTION PLANTED IN SOILLESS CULTURE (OPEN SYSTEM)

Y.A. Al-Mulla | M. Al-Balushi | M. Al-Rawahy | F. Al-Raisy | S. Al-Makhmary

74. USE OF SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING TOP SCREENS AND EFFECTS ON GREENHOUSE CLIMATE AND RETURN ON INVESTMENT

A. van ¿t Ooster | E.J. van Henten | E.G.O.N. Janssen | E. Bongaerts

75. DESIGN OF A STRAWBERRY FACTORY USING A MOVABLE BENCH

S. Hayashi | H. Yoshida | S. Yamamoto | Y. Iwasaki | Y. Urushiyama Miyagi

76. COMPARISON AMONG DIFFERENT PESTICIDE APPLICATION METHODS IN GREENHOUSES IN ITALY: FIRST RESULTS

77. WILTING DETECTION IN GREENHOUSE PLANTS BY IMAGE PROCESSING

L. Font | I. Farkas

78. IN-VIVO MEASUREMENT OF TOMATO FIRMNESS

V. Zsom-Muha | T. Zsom | J. Felföldi

79. E-LEARNING WITHIN HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES

J. Tietze | U. Schmidt

80. AN ON-LINE KNOWLEDGE CENTER FOR WATER AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR THE NURSERY AND GREENHOUSE INDUSTRY

81. SOLAR ENERGY DELIVERING GREENHOUSE WITH AN INTEGRATED NIR FILTER

P.J. Sonneveld | H.J. Holterman | G.LA.M. Swinkels | B.A.J. van Tuijl | G.P.A. Bot

82. IMPROVED HEATING TECHNIQUES FOR GREENHOUSES USING LOW EXERGY FROM REJECT HEAT SOURCES

B. von Elsner

83. USE OF REJECT HEAT FROM BIOGAS POWER PLANTS FOR GREENHOUSE HEATING

M. Pietzsch | J. Meyer

84. DEVELOPMENT OF CONCEPTS FOR A ZERO-FOSSIL-ENERGY GREENHOUSE

A. van ¿t Ooster | E.J. van Henten | E.G.O.N. Janssen | G.P.A. Bot | E. Dekker

85. HEAT BUFFERS IMPROVE CAPACITY AND EXPLOITATION DEGREE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SOURCES

A. van ¿t Ooster | J. de Wit | E.G.O.N. Janssen | J. Ruigrok

86. INVESTIGATION OF THE POTENTIAL OF LONG WAVE RADIATION HEATING TO REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR GREENHOUSE HEATING

A. Kavga | S. Pantelakis | TH. Panidis | V. Bontozoglou

87. USE OF SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS FOR DISINFECTION OF GREENHOUSE HYDROPONIC WATER

Y. Tripanagnostopoulos | M.C. Rocamora

88. SIMULATION OF A GREENHOUSE SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM WITH SEASONAL STORAGE IN GREECE

S.I. Voulgaraki | G. Papadakis

89. THE LIVING RAINFOREST SUSTAINABLE GREENHOUSES

G. Bot | F. de Zwart | K. Hansen | A. Logan | H. Witte Groenholland

90. EXPERIENCES IN CULTIVATION INSIDE THE WATERGY PROTOTYPE OF A CLOSED GREENHOUSE FOR SEMI-ARID REGIONS

G. Zaragoza | D. Buendía | D. Meca | J. Pérez-Parra | M. Buchholz

91. ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR DIFFERENT GREENHOUSE CONSTRUCTIONS

M. Djevic | A. Dimitrijevic

92. SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS FOR GREENHOUSE HEATING

G. Vox | E. Schettini | A. Lisi Cervone | A. Anifantis

93. TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES FOR THE OPTIMAL USE OF ENERGY IN ORNAMENTAL PLANT PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION IN ITALY

94. DECISION SUPPORT FOR OPTIMISING ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN EUROPEAN GREENHOUSES

O. Körner | D. Warner | J. Tzilivakis | B. Eveleens | E. Heuvelink

95. OVERALL ENERGY ANALYSIS OF (SEMI) CLOSED GREENHOUSES

H.F. de Zwart

96. REVERSIBLE CLIMATISATION OF GREENHOUSES IN FRANCE USING AQUIFER THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE: PRE-FEASIBILITY STUDY

97. INTEGRATIVE USE OF SOLAR THERMIC ENERGY FOR THE REGULATION OF TEMPERATURE IN GREENHOUSES

A. Grassotti | S. Cacini | E. Taibi

98. AIRFLOW AND MICROCLIMATE PATTERNS IN A ONE-HECTARE CANARY TYPE GREENHOUSE: AN EXPERIMENTAL AND CFD ASSISTED STUDY

T. Boulard | H. Fatnassi | H. Majdoubi | L. Bouirden

99. NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN A HEATED GREENHOUSE

T. Bartzanas | N. Tadj | B. Draoui | C. Kittas

100. SOLAR RADIATION DISTRIBUTION IN A TUNNEL GREENHOUSE

C. Baxevanou | T. Bartzanas | D. Fidaros | C. Kittas

101. VAPOUR REMOVAL FROM THE GREENHOUSE USING FORCED VENTILATION WHEN APPLYING A THERMAL SCREEN

J.B. Campen

102. AIR FLOW THROUGH NET COVERED ARCHED STRUCTURES

S. Castellano | A. Mistriotis

103. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A GLOBAL CFD MODEL OF HEAT, WATER VAPOUR AND FUNGAL SPORES TRANSFERS IN A GREENHOUSE

104. CFD SIMULATION OF NATURAL VENTILATION OF A PARRAL GREENHOUSE WITH A BAFFLE DEVICE BELOW THE GREENHOUSE VENTS

E.J. Baeza | J.J. Perez-Parra | J.C. Lopez | J.I. Montero

105. THERMAL BEHAVIOUR OF A TUNNEL ARC GREENHOUSE DURING A SOLAR DAY

D.K. Fidaros | C.A. Baxevanou | T. Bartzanas | C. Kittas

106. ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR SMALL-SCALE SPACE-BASED GREENHOUSES

107. SIMULATION OF MICROCLIMATE IN A SLOPING GREENHOUSE USING CFD

T. Kuroyanagi | Y. Nagasaki | Y. Nakamoto | H. Tanaka | T. Ibuki

108. A COMPARISON BETWEEN EXPERIMENTAL AND CFD RESULTS WITH REGARD TO FLOW PATTERNS AND VENTILATION RATE OF A NATURALLY VENTILATED GREENHOUSE

O. Liran | M. Teitel | G. Ziskind | R. Letan

109. PREDICTED EFFECTS OF ROOF VENT COMBINATIONS ON THE CLIMATE DISTRIBUTION IN A GLASSHOUSE CONSIDERING RADIATIVE AND CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFERS

P.E. Bournet | S.A. Ould Khaoua

110. PREDICTING CROP TRANSPIRATION IN A GLASSHOUSE USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD)

A. Kichah | P.E. Bournet | G. Chassériaux

111. COMPARISON OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CFD SIMULATION FOR A NATURALLY VENTILATED MULTI-SPAN GREENHOUSE IN SUMMER

112. SUGGESTIONS TO IMPROVE LEEWARD VENTILATION OF LARGE SPAN GREENHOUSES

113. NUMERICAL MODELLING AND EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS OF PESTICIDES DISPERSION IN A NATURALLY VENTILATED GREENHOUSE

C. Kittas | N. Katsoulas | N. Tsiropoulos | T. Bartzanas | A.A. Sapounas

114. WINDLOADS ON NET COVERED STRUCTURES

A. Mistriotis | D. Briassoulis

115. NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF NATURAL VENTILATION IN GREENHOUSES: A COMPARISON BETWEEN FINITE VOLUMES METHOD AND FINITE ELEMENTS METHOD

F.D. Molina-Aiz | D.L. Valera | H. Fatnassi | T. Boulard | J.C. Roy

116. MONITORING AND MAPPING TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY IN GREENHOUSES

R. Suay | A. Gutiérrez | S. López | E. Moltó

117. NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FAN AND PAD EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEM IN A GREENHOUSE WITH TOMATO CROP

A.A. Sapounas | CH. Nikita-Martzopoulou | G. Martzopoulos

118. NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF TURBULENT FLOW THROUGH SCREEN MESH

A. Shklyar | A. Arbel

119. SIMULHYDRO, A SIMPLE TOOL FOR PREDICTING WATER USE AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN TOMATO CLOSED-LOOP SOILLESS CULTIVATIONS

120. COMPARISON OF HUMIDITY CONDITIONS IN UNHEATED TOMATO GREENHOUSES WITH DIFFERENT NATURAL VENTILATION MANAGEMENT AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CLIMATE AND BOTRYTIS CINEREA CONTROL

F.J. Baptista | B.J. Bailey | J.F. Meneses

121. EFFECT OF GREENHOUSE ROOF OPENING SYSTEM ON INTERNAL CLIMATE AND ON GYPSOPHILA YIELD AND QUALITY CONTROL

G. Fascella | S. Agnello | B. Sciortino | G.V. Zizzo

122. EFFECTS OF ROOT-ZONE HEATING IN EARLY MORNING ON CELERY GROWTH AND ELECTRICITY COST

T. Kinoshita | T. Higashide | M. Fujino | T. Ibuki | Y. Kasahara

123. APPLICATION OF A PHOTOSYNTHESIS MODEL TO OPTIMIZE GREENHOUSE CLIMATE MANAGEMENT

M. Sciortino | T. Mimmo | G. Vitali | G. Gianquinto | J.M. Aaslyng

124. SIMULATED EFFECTS OF VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON WATER CONSUMPTION IN OPEN AND CONFINED GREENHOUSE SYSTEMS

I. Yildiz | D.P. Stombaugh

125. INFLUENCE OF SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING ON AUTUMN-WINTER YIELD OF FOUR GERBERA (GERBERA JAMESONII) CULTIVARS

G. Cristiano | M.A. Cocozza Talia | A.M.F. La Viola | A. Sancilio

126. EFFECTS OF ROOT-ZONE NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION ON CUCUMBER GROWN IN ROCKWOOL

F. Giuffrida | E. Heuvelink | C. Stanghellini

127. CO₂ CONCENTRATION IN THE ROOT ZONE OF VEGETABLES, CULTIVATED IN ORGANIC SUBSTRATES

N. Gruda | T. Rocksch | U. Schmidt

128. MODELLING VISUAL QUALITY OF KALANCHOE BLOSSFELDIANA: INFLUENCE OF CULTIVAR AND POT SIZE

S.M.P. Carvalho | J. Almeida | B. Eveleens-Clark | M.J. Bakker | E. Heuvelink

129. HEATING STRATEGIES FOR AN EGGPLANT (SOLANUM MELONGENA L.) CROP ON MEDITERRANEAN GREENHOUSES

130. CLIMATE AND YIELD IN A CLOSED GREENHOUSE

E. Heuvelink | M. Bakker | L.F.M. Marcelis | M. Raaphorst

131. GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF POTATO TRANSPLANTS GROWN UNDER CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT

Yong Hyeon Kim

132. GROWTH RESPONSE AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF TWO DIEFFENBACHIA CULTIVARS GROWN IN SOILLESS CULTURE

G. Colla | Y. Rouphael | M. Cardarelli

133. GREENHOUSE GROWTH OF EUPHORBIA X LOMI RAUH IN PEAT-REDUCED AND PEAT-FREE SUBSTRATES PREPARED WITH DIFFERENT COMPOSTED WASTES

134. USING GROWTH FUNCTIONS TO DESCRIBE DRY MATTER PRODUCTION OF SWEET PEPPER IN GREENHOUSES IN SOUTHERN SPAIN

F.M. del Amor | G. Ortuño | M.D. Gómez-López | A. López | A.J. García

135. EVALUATION OF STRAWBERRY CULTIVARS IN SOILLESS CULTIVATION IN SICILY

A. Moncada | A. Miceli | F. D¿Anna

136. SHORT-TERM NITRATE UPTAKE RATES FOR SOILLESS CULTURE: SEASONAL EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIPS FOR ROSE CROP PRODUCTION

D. Roca | R.M. Belda | A. Calatayud | E. Gorbe | P.-F. Martínez

137. COMPARING MINERAL UPTAKE EFFICIENCIES IN ROSE PLANT FLOWERING FLUSHES UNDER TWO CLIMATE CONDITIONS

D. Roca | R.M. Belda | A. Calatayud | E. Gorbe | P.-F. Martínez

138. THE INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION ON GAS COMPOSITION IN THE RHIZOSPHERE AND GROWTH OF THREE HORTICULTURAL PLANTS, CULTIVATED IN DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES

T. Rocksch | N. Gruda | U. Schmidt

139. PREDICTING LEAF NUMBER OF GREENHOUSE ZUCCHINI SQUASH USING DEGREE DAYS AND PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION

140. LIGHT REQUIREMENTS FOR FLOWERING OF LISIANTHUS

R. Paradiso | S. Fiorenza | S. De Pascale

141. GRAFTING EFFECTS ON TOMATO GROWTH RATE, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY UNDER SALINE IRRIGATION WATER

A. Balliu | G. Vuksani | T. Nasto | L. Haxhinasto | S. Kaçiu

142. EFFECT OF THE REDUCTION OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION CONCENTRATION ON LEAFY VEGETABLES QUALITY GROWN IN FLOATING SYSTEM

143. EFFECT OF A BIOFERTILISER ON THE GROWTH OF POINSETTIA

L. Martinetti | A. Sparacino | A. Ferrante | L. Allievi

144. EFFECT OF SALINITY ON TOMATO PLANT ARCHITECTURE

145. THE INFLUENCE OF SHADING LEVELS ON FOLIAGE PLANT GROWTH AND QUALITY

D. Scuderi | A. Li Rosi | C. Cassaniti | A. Paratore | D. Romano

146. COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND VACUUM STORAGE SYSTEM IN CUT FOLIAGE

S. Pacifici | A. Mensuali-Sodi | G. Serra | A. Ferrante

147. INNOVATIVE CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES ON VERTICALLY MOVING BEDS CONTROLLED BY DOUBLE SEESAW MECHANICS

148. DETECTION OF WATER STRESS INDUCED PHOTOSYNTHETIC DYSFUNCTION IN TOMATO PLANT LEAF WITH PRI MEASUREMENT

K. Takayama | H. Nishina | Y. Sakai

149. MANAGEMENT OF GREENHOUSE CROP TRANSPIRATION: THE WAY FORWARD

A. Elings | W. Voogt

150. ESTIMATING STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE OF GREENHOUSE GROWN PLANTS SUBJECTED TO WATER STRESS AND DIFFERENT HUMIDITY REGIMES

N.E. Andersson | K. Koefoed Petersen

151. DESIGNING A GREENHOUSE PLANT: NOVEL APPROACHES TO IMPROVE RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY IN CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENTS

A. Maggio | S. De Pascale | G. Barbieri

152. EFFECTS OF EC LEVELS OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON TOMATO CROP IN OPEN AND CLOSED SYSTEMS

G.B. Oztekin | Y. Tüzel | I.H. Tüzel | K.M. Meric

153. TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS TO PREVENT HEAT STRESS INDUCED CROP GROWTH REDUCTION FOR THREE CLIMATIC REGIONS IN MEXICO

A. van ¿t Ooster | E. Heuvelink | V.M. Loaiza Mejía | E.J. van Henten

154. SIMULTANEOUS RESPONSE OF STEM DIAMETER, SAP FLOW RATE AND LEAF TEMPERATURE OF TOMATO PLANTS TO DROUGHT STRESS

155. CYCLIC IRRIGATION OF SALINE AND NON-SALINE WATER INFLUENCE GROWTH AND YIELD OF LETTUCE CULTIVARS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

A.A. Alsadon | M.A. Wahb-allah | S.O. Khalil

156. AN EMPIRICAL APPROACH TO THE DELINEATION OF GROWING CONDITIONS WITHIN A COOLED CONSERVATORY IN SINGAPORE

K. Boon Hwee Er | N. Kishnani | W. Kessling | V. Yong Bian Koo

157. GREENHOUSE TUNNEL VENTILATION DEPENDENCE ON TOMATO CROP HEIGHT AND LEAF AREA INDEX

H. Fatnassi | T. Boulard | C. Leyronas | M. Bardin | P. Nicot

158. THE EFFECT OF DIFFUSE LIGHT ON CROPS

S. Hemming | T. Dueck | J. Janse | F. van Noort

159. EVALUATION OF COMBINED APPLICATION OF FOG SYSTEM AND CO₂ ENRICHMENT IN GREENHOUSES BY USING PHYTOMONITORING DATA

U. Schmidt | C. Huber | T. Rocksch

160. VALIDATION OF CANOPY PHOTOSYNTHESIS MODELS FOR CLIMATE CONTROL IN GREENHOUSES

M. Sciortino | D. Wulfsohn | A. Andreassen | G. Gianquinto | J.M. Aaslyng

161. SIMULATED EFFECTS OF VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN OPEN AND CONFINED GREENHOUSE SYSTEMS

I. Yildiz | D.P. Stombaugh

162. INCORPORATION OF A MODEL TO PREDICT CROP TRANSPIRATION IN A COMMERCIAL IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT AS A CONTROL METHOD FOR WATER SUPPLY TO SOILLESS HORTICULTURAL CROPS

E. Medrano | F.J. Alonso | MA. Cruz Sánchez-Guerrero | P. Lorenzo

163. ECONOMIC GAIN FOR CUCUMBER PRODUCTION FROM GREENHOUSE COOLING IN FINLAND

T. Kaukoranta | J. Huttunen

164. ALTERED PLANT STRUCTURE AND GREATER YIELD OF CUCUMBER GROWN AT ELEVATED CO₂ IN A SEMI-CLOSED GREENHOUSE

E.-M. Luomala | L. Särkkä | T. Kaukoranta

165. UNCERTAINTY ON ESTIMATED PREDICTIONS OF ENERGY DEMAND FOR DEHUMIDIFICATION IN A CLOSED TOMATO GREENHOUSE

E. Schrevens | P. Jancsok | K. Dieussaert

166. THE GESKAS PROJECT, CLOSED GREENHOUSE AS ENERGY SOURCE AND OPTIMAL GROWING ENVIRONMENT

H. Hoes | J. Desmedt | K. Goen | L. Wittemans

167. EFFECTS OF ANTI-TRANSPIRANTS ON TRANSPIRATION AND ENERGY USE IN GREENHOUSE CULTIVATION

L.F.M. Marcelis | F. Kempkes | C. Stanghellini | C. Grashoff

168. NITROGEN CONCENTRATION IN NUTRIENT SOLUTION AND MODULE VOLUME EFFECTS ON THE GROWTH CHARACTERS AND YIELD POTENTIALS OF EGGPLANT SEEDLINGS

A. Balliu | G. Sallaku | S. Kuçi

169. QUANTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF LEAF NITROGEN CONTENT ON LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS RATE OF GREENHOUSE CUCUMBER UNDER DIFFERENT PAR AND TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS

170. GROWTH RESPONSE OF HEDERA HELIX L. TO TEMPERATURE INTEGRATION

B. Pollet | K. Steppe | P. Dambre | M.-C. Van Labeke | R. Lemeur

171. EFFECTS OF BLUE-LIGHT PHOTON FLUX DENSITY ON NITROGEN AND CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT AND GROWTH OF SPINACH

R. Matsuda | K. Ohashi-Kaneko | K. Fujiwara | K. Kurata

172. THERMAL AND LIGHT REQUIREMENTS FOR FLOWER DIFFERENTIATION OF SNAPDRAGON

R. Paradiso | G. Aronne | S. De Pascale

173. THE APPLICATION OF LEDS AS ASSIMILATION LIGHT SOURCE IN GREENHOUSE HORTICULTURE: A SIMULATION STUDY

W. van Ieperen | G. Trouwborst

174. A METHOD TO DETECT BASELINE EMISSION AND PLANT DAMAGE INDUCED VOLATILE EMISSION IN A GREENHOUSE

175. A PHOTO-THERMAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF STANDARD CUT CHRYSANTHEMUM IN GREENHOUSES

Jianfeng Dai | Weihong Luo | Zaiqiang Yang

176. PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY VEGETABLE BY APPLYING LOW TEMPERATURE STRESS TO ROOTS

177. HIGH QUALITY TOMATO PRODUCTION BY SUITABLE APPLICATION OF CONCENTRATED DEEP SEAWATER

178. INTRA-CANOPY VARIABILITY OF FRUIT QUALITY IN KIWIFRUIT VINES PROTECTED BY ANTI-HAIL NETS

B. Basile | R. Romano | M. Giaccone | M. Forlani

179. GREENHOUSE PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLE CROPS GROWN WITH A CLOSED-LOOP FERTIGATION SYSTEM IN A PESTICIDE-FREE ENVIRONMENT

D.J. Cantliffe | N.L. Shaw | E. Jovicich | L.S. Osborne | P.J. Stoffella

180. SPATIO-TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANT BIOAGGRESSORS IN GREENHOUSES: TOWARDS A BETTER KNOWLEDGE OF DISEASE AND PEST DYNAMICS

C. Poncet | J. Vaglio | A. Bout | L. Mailleret | R. Boll

181. EFFECT OF RHIZOBACTERIA ON PLANT GROWTH OF DIFFERENT VEGETABLES

F. Kidoglu | A. Gül | H. Ozaktan | Y. Tüzel

182. EVALUATION OF CONCENTRATED RELEASES OF PARASITOIDS FOR THE CONTROL OF WHITEFLIES ON POINSETTIA

G. Amoroso | P. Frangi | R. Piatti

183. EFFECTS OF SUBSTRATE SOLARIZATION ON TOMATO SOILLESS CULTIVATION

A. Moncada | G. Caracciolo | F. D'Anna

184. EFFICIENCY OF NEOSEIULUS CUCUMERIS AND FRANKLINOTHRIPS VESPIFORMIS FOR CONTROLLING THRIPS IN ROSE GREENHOUSES

185. EFFECT OF NITROGEN SOURCE AND CONCENTRATION IN RECIRCULATED SOLUTION ON INCIDENCE OF CUCUMBER MORTALITY BY PYTHIUM AND FUSARIUM CROWN ROT

B. Bar-Yosef | G. Kritzman | I. Levkovich | P. Klaering

186. OPERATOR SAFETY DURING PESTICIDE APPLICATION IN GREENHOUSES: A SURVEY ON ITALIAN SITUATION

187. A PROTOTYPE FOR MECHANICAL DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFICIALS

G. Blandini | G. Emma | S. Failla | G. Manetto

188. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SPRAYERS USED FOR COVERED STRAWBERRY CROP

P. Guarella | S. Pascuzzi | A. Guarella

189. OPERATOR CONTAMINATION DURING PESTICIDE APPLICATION IN TOMATO GREENHOUSE

E. Cerruto | G. Emma | G. Manetto

190. CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION IN MEDITERRANEAN GREENHOUSES: HOW MUCH LOST PRODUCTION?

C. Stanghellini | L. Incrocci | J.C. Gázquez | B. Dimauro

191. WATER AND FERTILIZERS USE EFFICIENCY IN GRAFTED AND NON GRAFTED TOMATO PLANTS ON SOILLESS CULTURE

CH. Lykas | C. Kittas | A. Zambeka

192. EFFECTS OF SOLARIZATION AND BIOFUMIGATION ON TOMATO GREENHOUSE PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHERN COAST OF SICILY

G. Iapichino | L. Puleo | F. Vetrano | A. Sciortino

193. POINSETTIA (EUPHORBIA PULCHERRIMA) CULTIVATION IN BIODEGRADABLE POTS: MECHANICAL AND AGRONOMICAL BEHAVIOUR OF POTS AND PLANTS TRAITS

V. Candido | V. Miccolis | D. Castronuovo | C. Manera

194. GROWTH OF ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS IN WOOD FIBRE-BASED GROWING MEDIA

P. Frangi | G. Amoroso | F. Ferrini | A. Fini

195. SUBSTRATE REUSE IN TOMATO SOILLESS CULTIVATION

F. Giuffrida | C. Leonardi | O. Marfà

196. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PESTICIDES IN VEGETABLE CROP PRODUCTION UNDER THE MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE OF CENTRAL ITALY

A. Marucci | B. Pagniello | E. Campiglia | Y. Rouphael | G. Colla

197. COMPARING THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF GREENHOUSE VERSUS OPEN-FIELD TOMATO PRODUCTION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION

198. ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION BY MEANS OF LCA REGARDING THE ORNAMENTAL NURSERY PRODUCTION IN ROSE AND SOWBREAD GREENHOUSE CULTIVATION

G. Russo | B. De Lucia Zeller