Articles

INTEGRATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL USING HEAT PUMPS FOR REDUCTIONS IN ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO2 GAS EMISSION, HUMIDITY CONTROL AND AIR CIRCULATION

Article number
893_43
Pages
445 – 452
Language
English
Abstract
An integrated environmental control system with heat pumps and CO2 enrichment equipment has been designed for a greenhouse to reduce primal energy consumption, CO2 (or global warming) gas emission and costs for heating in winter.
It is also designed for nighttime cooling in summer, and year-round controls of water vapor deficit, air circulation and CO2 concentration.
The system controls the greenhouse environment from a view point of energy and mass balances of the greenhouse and plants, using minimum electricity, water, agrochemicals, land area etc., and emitting minimum CO2 gas and polluted water.
The system is operated: 1) to maximize light utilization efficiency (or net photosynthesis) of plants during daytime by optimizing the greenhouse environment under a given solar radiation condition, and 2) to optimize developmental stage and metabolite translocation of plants by controlling mainly nighttime and daytime temperatures.
Water vapor deficit and air circulation are controlled to optimize the rates of transpiration, net photosynthesis and consequently uptake of nutrients, and to minimize the spread of disease.
CO2 is enriched whenever ventilators are closed in daytime with/without cooling the greenhouse using heat pumps.
This paper presents the baseline conceptual framework of the system with preliminary results.

Publication
Authors
T. Kozai, K. Ohyama, Y. Tong, P. Tongbai, N. Nishioka
Keywords
carbon dioxide enrichment, light utilization efficiency, nighttime cooling
Full text
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