Articles
INFLUENCE OF MEDIUM COMPOSITIONS ON GROWTH OF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS (‘M9’, ‘M27’, ‘MM106’) IN IN VITRO CONDITION
Article number
923_20
Pages
139 – 146
Language
English
Abstract
Influence of medium compositions on different aspects of apple rootstocks growth was studied.
The results showed that the different rootstock genotypes M9, M27 and MM106 had different potential of micropropagation.
Multiplication rate was mainly dependent upon kind of plant growth regulators (especially, 6-benzyl-aminopurine (BA) and genotypes). The best shoot production in terms of shoot number and shoot quality was obtained using 4.4 μM BA during the shoot multiplica-tion phase, and 8.8 μM BA and 2.8 μM GA3 during the shoot elongation phase for all genotypes (M9, M27, MM106). Application of high (2.8 μM) concentration of GA3 increased the elongation of adventitious shoots compared to low concentrations.
The highest multiplication rate (5.7 shoots) and the highest amount of total fresh weight (2.25 g/jar), as growth rate, were produced by applying 4.4 μM BA for M27 genotype.
Micropropagation potential of M27 genotype was higher than other genotypes. MM106 genotype had the lowest multiplication rate (0.7 shoot/month) omitting BA. Multiplication of explants from the 1st subculture was more sensitive to BA than that from the 3th or 4th subculture.
The rooting of explants was promoted by IBA significantly and the best result for rooting was achieved in the half-strength MS medium containing 5.4 μM IBA. The highest percentage (40%) rooting was produced for M27 genotype.
Root formation was increased with decreasing concentrations of BA (during shoot multiplication), but increasing auxins (IBA). Rooting percentage of shoot cultures in the low mineral concentration (1/2 MS medium) was significantly greater than shoot cultures in the high 2×MS medium.
The results showed that the different rootstock genotypes M9, M27 and MM106 had different potential of micropropagation.
Multiplication rate was mainly dependent upon kind of plant growth regulators (especially, 6-benzyl-aminopurine (BA) and genotypes). The best shoot production in terms of shoot number and shoot quality was obtained using 4.4 μM BA during the shoot multiplica-tion phase, and 8.8 μM BA and 2.8 μM GA3 during the shoot elongation phase for all genotypes (M9, M27, MM106). Application of high (2.8 μM) concentration of GA3 increased the elongation of adventitious shoots compared to low concentrations.
The highest multiplication rate (5.7 shoots) and the highest amount of total fresh weight (2.25 g/jar), as growth rate, were produced by applying 4.4 μM BA for M27 genotype.
Micropropagation potential of M27 genotype was higher than other genotypes. MM106 genotype had the lowest multiplication rate (0.7 shoot/month) omitting BA. Multiplication of explants from the 1st subculture was more sensitive to BA than that from the 3th or 4th subculture.
The rooting of explants was promoted by IBA significantly and the best result for rooting was achieved in the half-strength MS medium containing 5.4 μM IBA. The highest percentage (40%) rooting was produced for M27 genotype.
Root formation was increased with decreasing concentrations of BA (during shoot multiplication), but increasing auxins (IBA). Rooting percentage of shoot cultures in the low mineral concentration (1/2 MS medium) was significantly greater than shoot cultures in the high 2×MS medium.
Authors
M.E. Amiri, A. Elahinia
Keywords
apple rootstocks, medium composition, multiplication rate, plant growth regulators (PGRs)
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