Articles
THE EFFECTS OF SOLAR DISINFESTATION AND COMPOST MATURATION LEVEL ON SOIL MICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND ERADICATION OF MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA AND VERTICILLIUM DAHLIA
Article number
1044_18
Pages
149 – 156
Language
English
Abstract
We studied the effect of soil solarization in combination with composts at three maturity levels (mature, partly mature and immature, but free of pathogens), compared to unamended control, on the survival of two pathogens: Macrophomina phaseolina and Verticillium dahlia, in conjunction with several indicators for soil biological activity.
The experiments consisted of eight treatments divided in two groups: solar disinfested and non-disinfested control.
Our hypothesis was that immature compost may boost soil temperature due to its continued in solum degradation.
Temperatures were measured at depths of 10 and 20 cm throughout the experimental period.
Maximum 50°C were obtained at 10 cm depth and slightly lower temperatures were recorded at 20 cm.
Significant difference in temperature averages was revealed between immature compost and the other amendments in the non-mulched control, whereas in the disinfestation treatments no significant differences were found.
Soil samples were collected weekly over a period of 8 weeks for microbiological analyses.
Immature compost had a significant effect on soil respiration and dehydrogenase activity in both disinfested non disinfested treatments.
Microbial activity decreased in all soils during the experimental period.
However, solarization caused sharper suppression of microbial activity. V. dahlia was eradicated by all solarization treatments at both depths, but survived all non-solarized controls. M. phaseolina survived all treatments.
High temperatures improved the viability of M. phaseolina. This effect might be related to eradication of microbial antagonists to M. phaseolina.
The experiments consisted of eight treatments divided in two groups: solar disinfested and non-disinfested control.
Our hypothesis was that immature compost may boost soil temperature due to its continued in solum degradation.
Temperatures were measured at depths of 10 and 20 cm throughout the experimental period.
Maximum 50°C were obtained at 10 cm depth and slightly lower temperatures were recorded at 20 cm.
Significant difference in temperature averages was revealed between immature compost and the other amendments in the non-mulched control, whereas in the disinfestation treatments no significant differences were found.
Soil samples were collected weekly over a period of 8 weeks for microbiological analyses.
Immature compost had a significant effect on soil respiration and dehydrogenase activity in both disinfested non disinfested treatments.
Microbial activity decreased in all soils during the experimental period.
However, solarization caused sharper suppression of microbial activity. V. dahlia was eradicated by all solarization treatments at both depths, but survived all non-solarized controls. M. phaseolina survived all treatments.
High temperatures improved the viability of M. phaseolina. This effect might be related to eradication of microbial antagonists to M. phaseolina.
Publication
Authors
H. Kanaan, M. Raviv, SH. Medina, A. Krassnovsky, D. Minz
Keywords
solar disinfestation, compost, respiration, calorimeter, dehydrogenase, Macrophomina phaseolina, Verticillium dahlia
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