Articles
Distribution and diversity of the genus Opuntia in Spain: opportunities for sustainable agricultural production in the context of climate change
Article number
1452_11
Pages
85 – 96
Language
English
Abstract
The genus Opuntia, known for its resilience to extreme environmental conditions represents a valuable model for biogeography and sustainable agriculture studies.
This analysis, based on GBIF occurrence data, examines distribution patterns, species richness, and climatic ranges of Opuntia globally and regionally, focusing on species present in Spain.
Globally, Mexico stands out as the center of origin, with high species richness in arid and semi-arid climates, while its spread to Europe appears influenced by ornamental introductions and sampling biases.
In Spain, Opuntia species are concentrated in semi-arid Mediterranean areas, and exhibit narrower climatic ranges compared to other regions.
While species like Opuntia ficus-indica are valuable for agriculture due to their fruit production, forage potential, and soil conservation benefits, the invasive potential of certain species must be carefully considered.
This study highlights how Opuntia species in Spain, with their ability to thrive in marginal environments, offer opportunities for sustainable agricultural strategies in semi-arid climates that will likely become more widespread as climate change progresses, while also necessitating balanced management to mitigate ecological risks.
This analysis, based on GBIF occurrence data, examines distribution patterns, species richness, and climatic ranges of Opuntia globally and regionally, focusing on species present in Spain.
Globally, Mexico stands out as the center of origin, with high species richness in arid and semi-arid climates, while its spread to Europe appears influenced by ornamental introductions and sampling biases.
In Spain, Opuntia species are concentrated in semi-arid Mediterranean areas, and exhibit narrower climatic ranges compared to other regions.
While species like Opuntia ficus-indica are valuable for agriculture due to their fruit production, forage potential, and soil conservation benefits, the invasive potential of certain species must be carefully considered.
This study highlights how Opuntia species in Spain, with their ability to thrive in marginal environments, offer opportunities for sustainable agricultural strategies in semi-arid climates that will likely become more widespread as climate change progresses, while also necessitating balanced management to mitigate ecological risks.
Authors
J.I. Hormaza, N. Larrañaga
Keywords
Opuntia, GBIF, global distribution, species richness, sustainable agriculture, invasive potential, semi-arid climates
Groups involved
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