Articles
The importance of evaluating plant-parasitic nematode management in emerging crops: Brassica carinata in the Southeast United States
Article number
1460_25
Pages
207 – 214
Language
English
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes are major pests globally, particularly in tropical or subtropical climates, including the Southeast United States.
In the Southeast, Brassica carinata (carinata) is an emerging oilseed crop produced in the winter, a time when fields are typically fallow or sometimes in cover crops.
Understanding the relationship between important plant-parasitic nematodes in the Southeast and carinata is essential for successful integration of this emerging crop into rotation with existing cash crops in this region.
Carinata is reported to be neutral or slightly beneficial for management of Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform nematode), but the effect of carinata on other important nematodes is unknown.
The objective of this research was to assess how carinata affects Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode). A series of greenhouse and field trials were conducted to meet this objective.
Peanut root-knot nematode reproduced on carinata in greenhouse trials at a similar level to peanut, a known host, and at a greater level than winter cover crops such as oat and triticale in field trials.
Based on this, carinata is likely to increase pressure from peanut root-knot nematode on susceptible cash crops.
There were minimal symptoms of damage from peanut root-knot nematode on carinata, but further research would be needed to quantify damage.
More broadly, this research highlights that emerging crops are unlikely to universally help or harm management of all plant-parasitic nematodes, so species-specific investigations should guide deployment of emerging crops into situations where they are less likely to exacerbate plant-parasitic nematode damage.
In the Southeast, Brassica carinata (carinata) is an emerging oilseed crop produced in the winter, a time when fields are typically fallow or sometimes in cover crops.
Understanding the relationship between important plant-parasitic nematodes in the Southeast and carinata is essential for successful integration of this emerging crop into rotation with existing cash crops in this region.
Carinata is reported to be neutral or slightly beneficial for management of Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform nematode), but the effect of carinata on other important nematodes is unknown.
The objective of this research was to assess how carinata affects Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode). A series of greenhouse and field trials were conducted to meet this objective.
Peanut root-knot nematode reproduced on carinata in greenhouse trials at a similar level to peanut, a known host, and at a greater level than winter cover crops such as oat and triticale in field trials.
Based on this, carinata is likely to increase pressure from peanut root-knot nematode on susceptible cash crops.
There were minimal symptoms of damage from peanut root-knot nematode on carinata, but further research would be needed to quantify damage.
More broadly, this research highlights that emerging crops are unlikely to universally help or harm management of all plant-parasitic nematodes, so species-specific investigations should guide deployment of emerging crops into situations where they are less likely to exacerbate plant-parasitic nematode damage.
Authors
Z.J. Grabau, R. Sandoval-Ruiz, R.L. Barocco, C. Liu, S. Budhathoki, I.M. Small
Keywords
carinata, cover crop, Meloidogyne arenaria, peanut root-knot nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis
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