Articles
INTERGENERIC GRAFTING OF APPLE CULTIVARS IN THE ‘JAPONÊS’ QUINCE TREE
Article number
872_52
Pages
371 – 374
Language
English
Abstract
Researches developed by the Agronomic Institute (IAC) and EPAMIG, in Brazil, determinated the Japonês quince (Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne) as a rootstock for quince plants, in reason of its high seeds number per fruits (above of 180), high germination and emergence, and high grafting ability.
New researches have been carried out, in an attempt to make the use of Japanese quince possible for other pomoideae plants, as the loquat and the pear tree, concerning the nanism promoted by this intergeneric graft, that culminate in the plant size reduction and cultural management facilities.
So that, the present experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the Japanese quince as a rootstock for apple trees.
The nursery trees used had 90 centimeters length and a diameter of eight millimeters (in the graft point), they where produced in plastic bags with a capacity of 3 L of substrate.
In the first experiment the apple trees Anna, Imperial, Centenaria, Einshemer and Michal were used, and they were grafted by the cleft method in the hibernal period (July). In the second experiment the apple trees used were Eva, Ohio, Soberana, Rainha and Dulcina and they were grafted by bud method, in the vegetation phase (summer – January). After 60 days of the grafting, the bud-sprouting percentage was evaluated, and the length and graft average diameter were evaluated after 90 and 150 days of the plants development.
The cleft graft provided better results, with sprouting indices higher than 86%. The best results using the cleft grafting method were obtained with Einshemer and Michal apple trees, and with Eva and Soberana apple trees grafted by the bud method.
New researches have been carried out, in an attempt to make the use of Japanese quince possible for other pomoideae plants, as the loquat and the pear tree, concerning the nanism promoted by this intergeneric graft, that culminate in the plant size reduction and cultural management facilities.
So that, the present experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the Japanese quince as a rootstock for apple trees.
The nursery trees used had 90 centimeters length and a diameter of eight millimeters (in the graft point), they where produced in plastic bags with a capacity of 3 L of substrate.
In the first experiment the apple trees Anna, Imperial, Centenaria, Einshemer and Michal were used, and they were grafted by the cleft method in the hibernal period (July). In the second experiment the apple trees used were Eva, Ohio, Soberana, Rainha and Dulcina and they were grafted by bud method, in the vegetation phase (summer – January). After 60 days of the grafting, the bud-sprouting percentage was evaluated, and the length and graft average diameter were evaluated after 90 and 150 days of the plants development.
The cleft graft provided better results, with sprouting indices higher than 86%. The best results using the cleft grafting method were obtained with Einshemer and Michal apple trees, and with Eva and Soberana apple trees grafted by the bud method.
Authors
F.A. Entelmann, R. Pio, E.A. Chagas, W. Barbosa, A.A. Alvarenga, E. Abrahão
Keywords
Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne, Malus domestica Borkhausen, propagation
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