Articles
CHEMICAL AND NON-CHEMICAL ALTERNATIVES TO METHYL BROMIDE ON STRAWBERRY IN HUELVA (SPAIN): 2008-2010 RESULTS
Article number
926_92
Pages
637 – 644
Language
English
Abstract
Spains methyl bromide (MB) Alternatives Project has been demonstrating alternative fumigants for methyl bromide on strawberry in Huelva since 1997. Here, we describe our research carried out between 2008 and 2010. In all the trials Camarosa was grown under high plastic tunnels between October and the end of May every year.
Field trials with the same complete randomized block design and 10-12 treatments were performed annually in two locations of Huelva (Occifresa-Moguer and Cumbres Malvinas-Palos de la Fra.). In 2009-2010, non-chemical treat¬ments (biosolarization) were applied.
In 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 the following ten treatments were applied: untreated control; MB+chloropicrin (50:50 w/w); sodium azide; dazomet + 1,3D (dichloropropene); 1,3D + chloropicrin (61:35 w/w); chloropicrin alone; DMDS (dimethyl disulphide) + chloropicrin; methyl iodide + chloropicrin (50:50 w/w); acrolein; and, furfural.
In 2009-2010, for addition treat-ments were applied: biosolarization with fresh poultry manure (25,000 kg/ha), biosolarization with Brassica pellets (2,000 kg/ha), enzone and metam sodium shank-applied with Rotary Spader implement.
Black root rot complex (Fusarium spp., Cylindrocarpon spp., Rhizoctonia spp., and Pythium spp.) and nematodes Meloidogyne hapla and Pratylenchus penetrans were the main phytosanitary problems related to the soil, and Macrophomina phaseolina was detected occasionally in the first two seasons.
However, plant survival, fruit size and yields were optimal in both locations.
In 2009-2010 at Occifresa-Moguer a higher percentage of dead plants was evidenced, and at an earlier stage than the previous growing seasons, mainly caused by Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum. DMDS + chloropicrin, 1,3D + chloropicrin and chloropicrin alone were as effective as MB:chloropicrin.
Biosolarization with fresh poultry manure (25,000 kg/ha) showed higher production than the untreated control.
Field trials with the same complete randomized block design and 10-12 treatments were performed annually in two locations of Huelva (Occifresa-Moguer and Cumbres Malvinas-Palos de la Fra.). In 2009-2010, non-chemical treat¬ments (biosolarization) were applied.
In 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 the following ten treatments were applied: untreated control; MB+chloropicrin (50:50 w/w); sodium azide; dazomet + 1,3D (dichloropropene); 1,3D + chloropicrin (61:35 w/w); chloropicrin alone; DMDS (dimethyl disulphide) + chloropicrin; methyl iodide + chloropicrin (50:50 w/w); acrolein; and, furfural.
In 2009-2010, for addition treat-ments were applied: biosolarization with fresh poultry manure (25,000 kg/ha), biosolarization with Brassica pellets (2,000 kg/ha), enzone and metam sodium shank-applied with Rotary Spader implement.
Black root rot complex (Fusarium spp., Cylindrocarpon spp., Rhizoctonia spp., and Pythium spp.) and nematodes Meloidogyne hapla and Pratylenchus penetrans were the main phytosanitary problems related to the soil, and Macrophomina phaseolina was detected occasionally in the first two seasons.
However, plant survival, fruit size and yields were optimal in both locations.
In 2009-2010 at Occifresa-Moguer a higher percentage of dead plants was evidenced, and at an earlier stage than the previous growing seasons, mainly caused by Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum. DMDS + chloropicrin, 1,3D + chloropicrin and chloropicrin alone were as effective as MB:chloropicrin.
Biosolarization with fresh poultry manure (25,000 kg/ha) showed higher production than the untreated control.
Authors
J.J. Medina-Mínguez, L. Miranda, P. Domínguez, C. Soria, R.M. Pérez-Jiménez, T. Zea, M. Talavera, L. Velasco, F. Romero, B. De Los Santos , J.M. López-Aranda
Keywords
fumigants, MB phase-out, production
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