Articles
NOVEL USE OF PYRETHRUM TO CONTROL RESISTANT INSECT PESTS ON COTTON
Article number
1073_16
Pages
113 – 118
Language
English
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera is a pest of cotton in Australia.
Pyrethrum is a biological insecticide, with potential for use as an insecticide in field crops, such as cotton. H. armigera are resistant to pyrethrum due to cross-resistance from pyrethroids, with a common metabolic resistance mechanism.
Pyrethrum resistance in H. armigera is metabolic, mediated by non-specific esterases.
The resistant esterase was inhibited by piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Larval bioassays, pre-treating H. armigera with PBO four hours before pyrethrum application (temporal synergism) overcame pyrethrum resistance.
Field trials on cotton with PBO and pyrethrum against resistant H. armigera were conducted using a 4h PBO pre-treatment followed by pyrethrum and a novel 4 h delayed release formulation of pyrethrum mixed with PBO. Both temporal synergism strategies overcame pyrethrum resistance with significantly better control of resistant H. armigera than using pyrethrum EC alone or a pyrethrum EC plus PBO tank mix.
Although the regime of using two sprays worked well, applying two separate sprays is not economic on field crops.
Thus, novel, delayed release pyrethrum formulation applied with PBO may provide an economic way to use temporal synergism technology with pyrethrum.
Pyrethrum is a biological insecticide, with potential for use as an insecticide in field crops, such as cotton. H. armigera are resistant to pyrethrum due to cross-resistance from pyrethroids, with a common metabolic resistance mechanism.
Pyrethrum resistance in H. armigera is metabolic, mediated by non-specific esterases.
The resistant esterase was inhibited by piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Larval bioassays, pre-treating H. armigera with PBO four hours before pyrethrum application (temporal synergism) overcame pyrethrum resistance.
Field trials on cotton with PBO and pyrethrum against resistant H. armigera were conducted using a 4h PBO pre-treatment followed by pyrethrum and a novel 4 h delayed release formulation of pyrethrum mixed with PBO. Both temporal synergism strategies overcame pyrethrum resistance with significantly better control of resistant H. armigera than using pyrethrum EC alone or a pyrethrum EC plus PBO tank mix.
Although the regime of using two sprays worked well, applying two separate sprays is not economic on field crops.
Thus, novel, delayed release pyrethrum formulation applied with PBO may provide an economic way to use temporal synergism technology with pyrethrum.
Authors
R. Gunning, G. Moores, M. Balfe
Keywords
Helicoverpa armigera, pyrethrum, resistance, piperonyl butoxide, synergism
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