Articles
Changes in the levels of bioactive compounds in red perilla at various leaf positions and ages under different photosynthetic photon flux densities
Article number
1337_24
Pages
179 – 186
Language
English
Abstract
The leaf of red perilla is used as an herbal medicine in Japan.
For efficient production of red perilla in a plant factory with artificial light, it is necessary to investigate the fundamental behaviour in bioactive compounds, such as perillaldehyde (PA) and anthocyanin (ANT). Red perilla seeds were cultivated in a controlled-environmental chamber for 30 days post-germination.
On day 30, the plants were grown under various levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD: 50, 100, 200, and 400 µmol m‑2 s‑1), provided with white fluorescent lamps in a controlled environment.
After 35 days, PA and ANT levels at each different leaf position were measured.
We also measured PA and ANT concentration at the same leaf position every 3 days, at 200 µmol m‑2 s‑1 PPFD, to investigate the changes at different leaf ages.
A gradual decrease in PA concentration from the upper leaf position to the lower leaf position at all PPFD levels was observed, while the ANT concentration was almost constant regardless of leaf position.
The concentration of PA was not significantly different among various PPFD levels.
ANT concentration differed significantly only between 50 and 200 µmol m‑2 s‑1 PPFD. PA concentration gradually decreased from 3 days to 15 days after unfolding.
In contrast, the ANT concentration was almost constant regardless of leaf age.
Our results suggest that harvesting upper red perilla leaves is suitable for efficient production of bioactive compounds in red perilla in a plant factory.
For efficient production of red perilla in a plant factory with artificial light, it is necessary to investigate the fundamental behaviour in bioactive compounds, such as perillaldehyde (PA) and anthocyanin (ANT). Red perilla seeds were cultivated in a controlled-environmental chamber for 30 days post-germination.
On day 30, the plants were grown under various levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD: 50, 100, 200, and 400 µmol m‑2 s‑1), provided with white fluorescent lamps in a controlled environment.
After 35 days, PA and ANT levels at each different leaf position were measured.
We also measured PA and ANT concentration at the same leaf position every 3 days, at 200 µmol m‑2 s‑1 PPFD, to investigate the changes at different leaf ages.
A gradual decrease in PA concentration from the upper leaf position to the lower leaf position at all PPFD levels was observed, while the ANT concentration was almost constant regardless of leaf position.
The concentration of PA was not significantly different among various PPFD levels.
ANT concentration differed significantly only between 50 and 200 µmol m‑2 s‑1 PPFD. PA concentration gradually decreased from 3 days to 15 days after unfolding.
In contrast, the ANT concentration was almost constant regardless of leaf age.
Our results suggest that harvesting upper red perilla leaves is suitable for efficient production of bioactive compounds in red perilla in a plant factory.
Authors
H. Yoshida, Y. Ishigami, S. Hikosaka, E. Goto
Keywords
anthocyanin, essential oil, medicinal plant, perillaldehyde, plant factory
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