Articles
Exploring modification of centromeric histone H3 (CENH3) as a strategy for haploid induction in carrot (Daucus carota)
Article number
1393_22
Pages
169 – 174
Language
English
Abstract
Precision editing of plant genomes has potential to accelerate crop improvement and advance functional genomics.
One application of this technology to advance carrot breeding is the use of gene editing to create an in vivo haploid inducer for hybrid carrot production.
The traditional method for producing carrot hybrid cultivars is a time and resource intensive process.
In the traditional method, plants are self-pollinated or sib-mated for multiple generations, usually between four and six generations, to obtain an inbred parent.
An alternative to the traditional breeding method is the use of doubled haploids (DHs) as inbred parents.
The production of DHs can be achieved in one generation, which would significantly reduce the amount of time to make inbred parents.
Recently, studies in Arabidopsis, wheat, and maize have demonstrated that modification of centromeric histone H3 (CENH3) can lead to the production of haploid plants.
We summarize the use of gene editing method to modify the endogenous copy of CENH3. Using base editing, we generated gene editing plants with a variety of missense mutations in CENH3. The cenh3 mutant plants were either self-pollinated or crossed to wild-type plants.
The progeny produced from these crosses were analzyed to identify the presence of haploids and study the phenotypic effects of the cenh3 mutations.
Preliminary results of these crosses will be summarized.
One application of this technology to advance carrot breeding is the use of gene editing to create an in vivo haploid inducer for hybrid carrot production.
The traditional method for producing carrot hybrid cultivars is a time and resource intensive process.
In the traditional method, plants are self-pollinated or sib-mated for multiple generations, usually between four and six generations, to obtain an inbred parent.
An alternative to the traditional breeding method is the use of doubled haploids (DHs) as inbred parents.
The production of DHs can be achieved in one generation, which would significantly reduce the amount of time to make inbred parents.
Recently, studies in Arabidopsis, wheat, and maize have demonstrated that modification of centromeric histone H3 (CENH3) can lead to the production of haploid plants.
We summarize the use of gene editing method to modify the endogenous copy of CENH3. Using base editing, we generated gene editing plants with a variety of missense mutations in CENH3. The cenh3 mutant plants were either self-pollinated or crossed to wild-type plants.
The progeny produced from these crosses were analzyed to identify the presence of haploids and study the phenotypic effects of the cenh3 mutations.
Preliminary results of these crosses will be summarized.
Authors
C.M. Meyer, I.L. Goldman, P.J. Krysan
Keywords
genome editing, CENH3, doubled haploids, plant breeding, hybrids
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