Articles
Flood irrigation applications of sodium tetrathiocarbonate reduce severity of ring nematode and bacterial canker in prunes
Article number
1409_48
Pages
377 – 382
Language
English
Abstract
Ring nematode (Mesocriconema xenoplax) reduces prune (Prunus domestica) yields through root damage from direct feeding and by placing trees under stress that predisposes them to bacterial canker (Pseudomonas syringae). Two experiments were conducted in randomized design in prune orchard replant sites in Sutter County, California, USA. The location had a history of ring nematode and bacterial canker.
In the first experiment, the following treatments were applied via flood irrigation: 1) untreated control, 2) 950 L of sodium tetrathiocarbonate (NaTet) ha‑1 applied before planting, 3) 475 L of NaTet ha‑1 applied before planting followed by postplanting applications of 209 L ha‑1, and 4) 950 L of NaTet ha‑1 applied preplanting followed by postplanting applications of 418 L ha‑1. Postplanting applications were applied at 6 and 19 months.
The trial was sampled for nematodes before treatments were applied and then at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 19, 21, 24, 28, 32, 35, 37, and 39 months after planting.
Prior to the first application, there were no significant differences in nematode populations.
Compared to the untreated, significant (P≤0.05) reductions in nematode populations occurred with each of the NaTet treatments.
At the conclusion of the trial, trunk circumferences were greater in the treated tress than in the untreated.
Survival of treated tress ranged from 88 to 100%, while 50% of untreated trees died from bacterial canker.
In Trial 2, flood irrigation treatments were applied after planting: 1) untreated control, 2) 95 and 105 L ha‑1 applied at 0 and 12 months, respectively, and 3) 190 and 209 L ha‑1 applied at 0 and 12 months, respectively.
Nematodes were sampled before planting and at 2, 9, 12, 14, and 18 months after planting.
In this trial, there were no significant nematode reductions, and no reduction in symptoms of bacterial canker compared to untreated.
Survival rates of 67% in untreated and 50% in treated trees were not statistically different, but the low survival in all treatments would be of economic concern to growers.
When applied preplant by flood irrigation, NaTet shows promise for reducing ring nematode and bacterial canker.
In the first experiment, the following treatments were applied via flood irrigation: 1) untreated control, 2) 950 L of sodium tetrathiocarbonate (NaTet) ha‑1 applied before planting, 3) 475 L of NaTet ha‑1 applied before planting followed by postplanting applications of 209 L ha‑1, and 4) 950 L of NaTet ha‑1 applied preplanting followed by postplanting applications of 418 L ha‑1. Postplanting applications were applied at 6 and 19 months.
The trial was sampled for nematodes before treatments were applied and then at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 19, 21, 24, 28, 32, 35, 37, and 39 months after planting.
Prior to the first application, there were no significant differences in nematode populations.
Compared to the untreated, significant (P≤0.05) reductions in nematode populations occurred with each of the NaTet treatments.
At the conclusion of the trial, trunk circumferences were greater in the treated tress than in the untreated.
Survival of treated tress ranged from 88 to 100%, while 50% of untreated trees died from bacterial canker.
In Trial 2, flood irrigation treatments were applied after planting: 1) untreated control, 2) 95 and 105 L ha‑1 applied at 0 and 12 months, respectively, and 3) 190 and 209 L ha‑1 applied at 0 and 12 months, respectively.
Nematodes were sampled before planting and at 2, 9, 12, 14, and 18 months after planting.
In this trial, there were no significant nematode reductions, and no reduction in symptoms of bacterial canker compared to untreated.
Survival rates of 67% in untreated and 50% in treated trees were not statistically different, but the low survival in all treatments would be of economic concern to growers.
When applied preplant by flood irrigation, NaTet shows promise for reducing ring nematode and bacterial canker.
Authors
B.B. Westerdahl, J.K. Hassey
Keywords
Mesocriconema xenoplax, nematode, nematicide, Prunus domestica
Online Articles (64)