Articles
The effect of tomato root exudates on egg hatching and survival of Meloidogyne spp.
Article number
1437_19
Pages
149 – 158
Language
English
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes M. incognita and M. javanica significantly reduce crop yields of tomato.
Due to the withdrawal of several class I nematicides, chemical control has become limited and alternative control strategies should be explored.
The efficacy of tomato root exudates in enhancing egg hatching was determined in which M. incognita and M. javanica are allowed to hatch while no food/crop was available.
The effect of different applications of root exudates (one, two or three times) as well as the waiting period between applications were evaluated.
Three weeks old tomato seedlings (‘Monica’) were planted in 20-cm pots containing sterile soil for a week and root exudates were collected by pouring 1 L of water on to the 20-cm pots and allowing the concentrate to drip onto the nematode infested soil (90 cm pots). The seedlings were disposed after every application and new seedlings were planted.
A waiting period of two and five weeks were evaluated.
Results showed that one root exudate application is probably sufficient.
The optimal waiting period was further evaluated by determining the longevity of M. incognita and M. javanica juveniles.
Differently aged (1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) juveniles were inoculated on tomato seedlings and recovery rate was determined.
Results for both M. incognita and M. javanica indicated that longevity decreased significantly with older juveniles.
However, a low percentage survival was still observed with juveniles of 28 days.
Due to the withdrawal of several class I nematicides, chemical control has become limited and alternative control strategies should be explored.
The efficacy of tomato root exudates in enhancing egg hatching was determined in which M. incognita and M. javanica are allowed to hatch while no food/crop was available.
The effect of different applications of root exudates (one, two or three times) as well as the waiting period between applications were evaluated.
Three weeks old tomato seedlings (‘Monica’) were planted in 20-cm pots containing sterile soil for a week and root exudates were collected by pouring 1 L of water on to the 20-cm pots and allowing the concentrate to drip onto the nematode infested soil (90 cm pots). The seedlings were disposed after every application and new seedlings were planted.
A waiting period of two and five weeks were evaluated.
Results showed that one root exudate application is probably sufficient.
The optimal waiting period was further evaluated by determining the longevity of M. incognita and M. javanica juveniles.
Differently aged (1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) juveniles were inoculated on tomato seedlings and recovery rate was determined.
Results for both M. incognita and M. javanica indicated that longevity decreased significantly with older juveniles.
However, a low percentage survival was still observed with juveniles of 28 days.
Publication
Authors
R. Mohlala, R. Slabbert, A. Mbatyoti, M. Daneel
Keywords
biological control, juvenile longevity, root-knot nematodes, Solanum lycopersicum
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