Articles
Yield and fruit quality of new Bulgarian peach cultivars
Article number
1449_53
Pages
393 – 398
Language
English
Abstract
Throughout the over 70-year history of plant breeding in Bulgaria, 47 peach cultivars have been established, 32 of which resulted from the research of the breeders from the Fruit-Growing Institute in the city of Plovdiv.
The present study was carried out in the period 2020-2022 in a collection plantation established on the territory of the Fruit-Growing Institute in Plovdiv.
In each of the three years of the study, recurrent spring frosts were reported in the periods before and during flowering, which caused a partial reduction in yields.
That resulted in larger average fruit size and weight.
The average fruit weight was 343.81 g in ‘Evmolpiya’ and 332.35 g in ‘Laskava’. The average fruit weight of the standard ‘Redhaven’ cultivar was 201.17 g.
The very early cultivars ‘Flavia’ and ‘Filina’ also belong to the category of large-fruited cultivars that ripen 1-2 days before those of the standard ‘Maycrest’. ‘Evmolpiya’ is very late – its fruits ripened in mid-September, 49 days after those of the standard ‘Redhaven’. The highest average yield per tree was reported in ‘Evmolpiya’ – 40.15 kg tree‑1, followed by ‘Laskava’ – 28.22 kg tree‑1 and ‘Puldin’ – 24.74 kg tree‑1. All the five new cultivars included in the present study were the final breeding products of the program for breeding new peach cultivars, launched at the Fruit-Growing Institute in the city of Plovdiv in 1989. The cultivars ‘Laskava’ and ‘Evmolpiya’ possess a genetically determined high degree of resistance to the main diseases in peach.
They are widely distributed on the territory of Bulgaria.
The very early cultivars ‘Flavia’ and ‘Filina’ are suitable for growing in more southern areas where the effect of early ripening is more significant. ‘Puldin’ is drought-resistant, and it can be grown in areas with higher precipitation and lack of artificial irrigation options.
The aim of the present study was to carry out a comparative pomological evaluation of the new Bulgarian dessert peach cultivars.
The present study was carried out in the period 2020-2022 in a collection plantation established on the territory of the Fruit-Growing Institute in Plovdiv.
In each of the three years of the study, recurrent spring frosts were reported in the periods before and during flowering, which caused a partial reduction in yields.
That resulted in larger average fruit size and weight.
The average fruit weight was 343.81 g in ‘Evmolpiya’ and 332.35 g in ‘Laskava’. The average fruit weight of the standard ‘Redhaven’ cultivar was 201.17 g.
The very early cultivars ‘Flavia’ and ‘Filina’ also belong to the category of large-fruited cultivars that ripen 1-2 days before those of the standard ‘Maycrest’. ‘Evmolpiya’ is very late – its fruits ripened in mid-September, 49 days after those of the standard ‘Redhaven’. The highest average yield per tree was reported in ‘Evmolpiya’ – 40.15 kg tree‑1, followed by ‘Laskava’ – 28.22 kg tree‑1 and ‘Puldin’ – 24.74 kg tree‑1. All the five new cultivars included in the present study were the final breeding products of the program for breeding new peach cultivars, launched at the Fruit-Growing Institute in the city of Plovdiv in 1989. The cultivars ‘Laskava’ and ‘Evmolpiya’ possess a genetically determined high degree of resistance to the main diseases in peach.
They are widely distributed on the territory of Bulgaria.
The very early cultivars ‘Flavia’ and ‘Filina’ are suitable for growing in more southern areas where the effect of early ripening is more significant. ‘Puldin’ is drought-resistant, and it can be grown in areas with higher precipitation and lack of artificial irrigation options.
The aim of the present study was to carry out a comparative pomological evaluation of the new Bulgarian dessert peach cultivars.
Publication
Authors
A. Zhivondov, S. Savchovska
Keywords
Prunus persica, new cultivars, pomological characteristics
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