Articles
ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF THE INNOVATION IN GREENHOUSE FLOWER PRODUCTION IN BULGARIA
From 60m2 greenhouse area in 1950, the first greenhouses for flowers in the village of Gorna Bania in the labour cooperative farm, it increases to 1700 dkain 1988. The place of greenhouse flower production in the system of domestic economy is determined by its share 0,005% in the total share of the cultivated land of the agricultural organizations and enterprises.
Its production amounts to 0,43% of the gross agricultural output.
The fixed assets value in this specific subbranch is 0,58% of the fixed assets value in agriculture.
The workers employed in this subbranch are 0,29% of all agricultural workers.
The export of horticultural cultivars accounts for 0,03% of the country gross export.
The share of the greenhouse flower production in the creation of the national income of the country is 0,08%.
The main cultivar that defines the structure in greenhouse horticultural production is the carnation variety "SIM" with the biggest production volume, covering 68% of the total greenhouse area for the investigated period, followed by the roses which area has increased by 6,8 times for the period and shows a constant trend of increase, then come the chrysanthemums and from the rest of the cultivars the freesia is of greatest economic importance and covers 5% of the greenhouse area.
In the conditions of insufficient material and labour resources the creation and implantation of the achievements of science and technology is the only factor for the intensive dynamics of the subbranch.
Under the conditions of scientific and technical progress when the cycle of technical innovation is considerably curtailed the limitation of capital investments increases considerably.
Production efficiency is the economic criterion for their allocation.
This problem is extremely important for greenhouse flower production where the development of the fixed assets is necessary.
The implantation of the innovations can be realized only by reconstruction and modernization but additional capital investments will raise the cost of the already constantly being made more and more expensive fixed assets, that form a considerable part of their elements by import.
The analysis of the fixed assets shows that for the period 1970–88 they have been constantly increasing at a