Home > VI International Symposium on Flower Bulbs > SCALE AND TUNIC MORPHOLOGY OF TULIPA AND FREESIA

Articles

SCALE AND TUNIC MORPHOLOGY OF TULIPA AND FREESIA

Article number

325_7

Pages

77 – 84

Language

Abstract

The presence of stomates on inner and outer surfaces of tulip bulb scales and the tunics of tulip and Freesia and general morphological characteristics were examined with the scanning electron microscope.
Corms of Freesia ‘Rossini’ and ‘Golden Wave’, and ‘Oxford’ tulip bulbs were used.
Both Freesia cultivars revealed many stomates on their tunics.
In contrast, tulip tunics had a lower number of stomates per unit area.
All fleshy scales of tulip bulbs had stomates on both surfaces, with the exception of the innermost scale where no stomates were found.
The physiological role of these stomates is discussed.

Publication

VI International Symposium on Flower Bulbs

Authors

L. Kawa-Miszczak, A.A. De Hertogh

Keywords

Full text

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1992.325.7

Online Articles (132)

2. FLORICULTURE IN POLAND: RESEARCH, EDUCATION AND PRODUCTION

K. Mynett

3. DORMANCY IN BULBOUS PLANTS

H. Okubo

4. HORMONAL CONTROL OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TULIPS

M. Sanlewski | L. Kawa-Miszczak

5. EFFECTS OF ETHYLENE APPLIED BEFORE FLOWER-BUD INITIATION ON FLOWERING OF TULIPS

H. Imanishi | N. Ueno | Y. Koike | S. Hamatani | M. Doi

6. THE PRODUCTION OF APELDOORN TULIPS AFTER EXPOSURE TO ETHYLENE DURING STORAGE OF THE PLANTING STOCK

W.J. de Munk | T.L.J. Duineveld | C.Th.C. van der Hulst

7. THE EFFECT OF REMOVAL OF ROOTS AND APPLICATION OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON TULIP SHOOT GROWTH

L. Kawa-Miszczak | E. Wegrzynowicz | M. Saniewski

8. SCALE AND TUNIC MORPHOLOGY OF TULIPA AND FREESIA

L. Kawa-Miszczak | A.A. De Hertogh

9. EFFECTS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC LIGHTING ON FREESIA GROWN FOR WINTER-FLOWERING

J.C. Doorduin

10. EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON FLOWER INITIATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALLIUM SPHAEROCEPHALON L.

J. Berghoef | A.P. Zevenbergen

11. INFLORESCENCE ABORTION IN NERINE BOWDENII W.WATTS.

K.I. Theron | G. Jacobs

12. FLOWER BUD INITIATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF EUCROSIA AS INFLUENCED BY BULB STORAGE TEMPERATURES

Mark S. Roh | Roger H. Lawson | K. C. Gross | Alan W. Meerow

13. ACONITUM: EFFECT OF TUBER SIZE, DAY LENGTH AND GA₃ ON GROWTH, FLOWERING AND TUBER PRODUCTION.

G. Lurie | A. Borochov | A.A. Watad

14. THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON PHENOLOGICAL DATING OF ORNITHOGALUM THYRSOIDES JACQ. AS A COMMERCIAL CUT FLOWER

P.J. Jansen van Vuuren | L.C. Holtzhausen

15. THE EFFECT OF PLANTING DEPTH ON EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOME GEOPHYTIC PLANTS

16. THE TUBER COMMUNITY HOLDS THE ANSWER TO FLOWERING PROBLEMS IN POLIANTHES TUBEROSA

R. Shillo

17. NON-PARASITIC DISORDERS IN HYACINTHS CAUSED BY A HIGH-TEMPERATURE TREATMENT TO CONTROL YELLOW DISEASE (XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS PV. HYACINTHI), AND THE ANALYSIS OF GASEOUS EMANATIONS FROM THE BULBS.

C.Th.C. van der Hulst | W.J. de Munk

18. THE EFFECTS OF LIGHT QUALITY AND COLD TREATMENT ON THE PROPAGATION OF HYACINTH BULBS

H. Gude | M.H.G.E. Dijkema

19. PREPARATION TREATMENT OF HYACINTH FOR FLOWERING BEFORE CHRISTMAS

P.J.M. Vreeburg

20. POST-GREENHOUSE LONGEVITY OF ROOTING ROOM BULBS AS FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS

T.A. Nell | J.E. Barrett | A.A. De Hertogh

21. MATURITY OF THE BUDS AT THE MOMENT OF THE HARVEST IS OF CRUCIAL IMPORTANCE TO ENSURE A GOOD QUALITY OF BULB FLOWERS AT THE CUSTOMERS

A. Swart

22. EFFECT OF FLURPRIMIDOL AND SILVER THIOSULFATE (STS) ON THE GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF ‘PRIMA’ LILIES GROWN AS A POT PLANTS.

A. Pobudkiewicz | J. Nowak

23. EFFECT OF POSTHARVEST CHEMICAL TREATMENT ON LONGEVITY OF DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF CUT ALSTROEMERIA FLOWERS

B. Michalczuk | A. Przybyla | D.M. Goszczynska | R.M. Rudnicki

24. STORAGE OF CUT ALSTROEMERIA FLOWERS

B. Michalczuk | A. Przybyla | D.M. Goszczynska | R.M. Rudnicki

25. A TEST ON THE TREATMENT OF ALSTROEMERIA STEMS WITH GIBBERELLIC ACID

J.M. Franssen | K.M. Laméris | C.H. Kersten

26. EFFECT OF RHIZOME LOW TEMPERATURE TREATMENTS ON STEM LENGTH, NUMBER OF LEAVES AND CYMES PER INFLORESCENCE OF GENERATIVE STEMS OF ALSTROEMERIA. FIRST RESULTS

C. Cervelli | G.V. Zizzo

27. ALSTROEMERIA RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT SHADING LEVELS

G.V. Zizzo | M. De Vita | C. Cervelli

28. FLORAL DEVELOPMENT OF ASTILBE X ARENDSII

G. H. Pemberton | A.A. De Hertogh

29. GERMINATION OF LILIUM PUMILUM SEEDS

M. Chojnowski | K. Mynett

30. A REVIEW OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN GEOPHYTES

W. B. Miller

31. CHANGES IN FREE POLYAMINE CONTENTS IN TULIP BULBS CV.APELDOORN DURING DRY STORAGE

C. Kollöffel | J. Geuns | H. Lambrechts

32. THE ROLE OF GIBBERELLINS IN THE COLD REQUIREMENT OF TULIP

M. Rebers

33. CHALCONES: A POSSIBLE PARAMETER TO TEST THE COLD DURATION OF TULIP (TULIPA GESNERIANA CV. APELDOORN) BULBS?

J.M. Franssen | C.H. Kersten

34. METHODS TO DETERMINE ABSCISIC ACID AND INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID, AND DETERMINATIONS OF THESE HORMONES IN TULIP CV. APELDOORN BULBS AS RELATED TO THE COLD-TREATMENT

J.M. Franssen | P.G.J.M. Voskens

35. USE OF POLARIZED FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY TO MEASURE FLUIDITY OF MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANES FROM COLD-TREATED TULIP BULBS

W.A. Kanneworff | L.H.W. van der Plas

36. DISTRIBUTION OF ETHYLENE PRODUCTION AND ETHYLENE-FORMING ENZYME ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TULIPS

E. Wegrzynowicz | M. Saniewski

37. STIMULATORY EFFECT OF CUPRIC ION ON ETHYLENE PRODUCTION IN TULIPS

E. Wegrzynowicz | M. Saniewski

38. HISTOCHEMICAL VISUALIZATION OF THE PATTERN OF STARCH DEPLETION IN EASTER LILY SCALES

W. B. Miller

39. WOUND-INDUCED PHENOLIC METABOLISM IN SCALES OF HIPPEASTRUM X HYBR. HORT.

M. Saniewski | H. Urbanek | J. Puchalski

40. WOUND-INDUCED FATTY ACIDS CONTENT IN SCALES OF HIPPEASTRUM X HYBR. HORT.

M. Saniewski | M. Horbowicz | J. Czapski

41. THE EFFECT OF LIGHT QUALITY ON ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS IN LEAVES AND PETALS OF ALSTROEMERIA PLANT.

B. Michalczuk | R.M. Rudnicki | R. Moe

42. MARKETING OPPORTUNITIES FOR ORNAMENTAL GEOPHYTES

A.A. De Hertogh | T.A. Nell | M. Le Nard

43. INTEGRATED FLOWERBULB PRODUCTION ON SANDY SOILS IN THE NETHERLANDS

R. Stokkers

44. A STANDARD VIABILITY TEST FOR CORMS OF ANEMONE CORONARIA AND RANUNCULUS ASIATICUS

45. BULBLET PRODUCTION IN VIVO FROM LEAVES OF LACHENALIA (JACQ.)

R.J. Perrignon

46. QUALITY ASPECTS IN VARIETY TESTING OF LILIES

H.P. Pasterkamp

47. TWICE A YEAR FLOWERING OF LILIUM CV. PRIMA

K. Mynett

48. CULTIVATION PROGRAMMING OF POLIANTHES TUBEROSA

A. González | J.G. Pérez | J. Fernández | S. Banon

49. TREATMENTS OF IRIS BULBS FOR PLANNING FLOWERING

M.A. Cocozza Talia | I. Ferrari | I. Costanza

50. RESEARCH ON THE PRODUCTION OF GLADIOLUS CORMS AND MINICORMS

M.A. Cocozza Talia | I. Ferrari | I. Costanza

51. FORCING OF LILIES TOGETHER WITH 5°C TULIPS

J. Krause

52. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE YIELD OF ALSTROEMERIA

A. Lisiecka | S. Szczepaniak

53. THE EFFECT OF CCC ON THE YIELD OF TULIP CV. POLKA

J. Hetman | H. Laskowska

54. THE INFLUENCE OF LEAF FERTILIZATION ON THE YIELD OF TULIP BULBS

J. Hetman | H. Laskowska

55. THE INFLUENCE OF PLANTING DATES AND LEAF FERTILIZATION ON YIELD OF SCILLA SIBIRICA BULBS

H. Laskowska

56. NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY LILIES (ASIATIC HYBRIDS)

A. Landman

57. INVESTIGATIONS OF TULIPS IN LITHUANIA (1960 – 1990)

A.M. Baliuniené | J. Samsonaité

58. TISSUE CULTURE OF FLOWER-BULB CROPS: THEORY AND PRACTICE

P.C.G. van der Linde

59. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS FROM ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS AND MERISTEMS OF FREESIA HYBRIDA

A. Bach

60. IN VITRO CULTURE OF EXPLANTS EXCISED FROM GROWING STEMS OF TULIP (TULIPA GESNERIANA L.) : PROBLEMS RELATED TO BUD AND BULBLET FORMATION.

M. LE NARD | Fl. CHANTELOUBE

61. PROPAGATION OF SHOOTS AND BULB GROWTH OF TULIP IN VITRO

M. Hulscher | H.T. Krijgsheld | P.C.G. van der Linde

62. THE SHAKE LIQUID CULTURE AS AN ALTERNATIVE WAY TO THE MULTIPLICATION OF NARCISSUS PLANTS

S. Bergoñón | C. Codina | J. Bastida | F. Viladomat | E. Melé

63. LIQUID MEDIUM ADDITION TO IMPROVE SHOOTS ELONGATION OF BLANDFORDIA GRANDIFLORA R.BR. IN VITRO.

K. Johnson

64. IN VITRO POLLINATION AND OVARY CULTURE AS A BREEDING TOOL IN WIDE HYBRIDIZATION OF LILIUM AND NERINE

J.M. van Tuyl | M.G.M. van Creij | M.P. van Dién

65. PROLIFERATION AND REGENERATION OF NERINE IN LIQUID CULTURE

H. Lilien-Kipnis | M. Ziv | S. Kahany | N. Azizbekov

66. DIRECT AND INDIRECT ORGANOGENESIS IN TISSUE CULTURES OF NERINE BOWDENII W. WATTS

G. Jacobs | M. Richard | L.A. Allderman | K.I. Theron

67. GROWTH AND MINERAL UPTAKE BY EXPLANTS OF HYACINTHUS ORIENTALIS L. UNDER DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE TREATMENT

A. Bach | A. Cecot | M. Gaweda

68. UTILIZATION OF SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATES IN SHOOT AND BULB REGENERATION OF HYACINTHUS ORIENTALIS L. IN VITRO

A. Bach | B. Pawlowska | K. Pulczynska

69. MICROPROPAGATION ABILITY: TOWARDS A SELECTION CRITERION IN ALSTROEMERIA BREEDING

J.H. Buitendijk | M.S. Ramanna | E. Jacobsen

70. A METHOD FOR DISINFECTION OF UNDERGROUND RHIZOME TIPS OF ALSTROEMERIA AND HELICONIA.

C. Pedersen | K. Brandt

71. CONTROL OF MORPHOGENESIS IN THIN CELL LAYER EXPLANTS OF MUSCARI BOTRYOIDES MILL.

K. Kromer | K. Kukulczanka

72. GROWTH OF BULBLETS OF LILIUM SPECIOSUM IN VITRO AND IN SOIL

G. Klerk | K. Kim | M. Schadewijk | M. Gerrits

73. HORMONAL CONTROL OF DORMANCY IN BULBLETS OF LILIUM SPECIOSUM CULTURED IN VITRO

M.M. Gerrits | K.S. Kim | G.J. De Klerk

74. PROPAGATION OF HEALTHY LATVIAN-BRED LILY CULTIVARS BY MEANS OF FLOWER-BUDS

I. Zhola | A. Ushkaura | J. Ignashs

75. THE INFLUENCE OF SOME GROWTH REGULATORS ON REGENERATION OF LILY BULBS IN VITRO

J. Dabrowski | M. Dabski | D. Kozak

76. GLADIOLUS BREEDING USING INDIGENOUS WILD SPECIES

G.M. Littlejohn | I.D. van der Walt

77. BREEDING WITH INDIGENOUS SOUTH AFRICAN ORNITHOGALUM SPECIES

G.M. Littlejohn | L.M. Blomerus

78. BREEDING OF EUCROSIA (AMARYLLIDACEAE) FOR CUTFLOWER AND POT PLANT PRODUCTION

Alan W. Meerow | M. Roh | Roger S. Lawson

79. MUTATION BREEDING OF ALSTROEMERIA IN POLAND

A. Przybyla

80. POLISH CULTIVARS OF ALSTROEMERIA

A. Przybyla

81. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION BIOLOGY OF ALSTROEMERIA.

M.J. de Jeu | H. Sasbrink | F. Garriga Calderé | J. Piket

82. BREEDING OF BULBOUS AND CORMOUS ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN POLAND

K. Mynett

83. BREEDING OF NEW HIPPEASTRUM CULTIVARS USING DIPLOID SPECIES

A.W. Meerow | T.K. Broschat | M. E. Kane

84. INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS OF CRINUM AMERICANUM L. (AMARYLLIDACEAE)

D.J. Lehmiller

85. BREEDING FOR BASAL ROT RESISTANCE IN NARCISSUS

S.A. Bowes

86. A REVIEW OF HYBRIDIZATION AND OTHER RESEARCH ON LACHENALIA IN SOUTH AFRICA

A.F. Coertze | F. L. Hancke | E. Louw | J. G. Niederwieser | P. J. Klesser

87. AGROBACTERIUM – MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF LILIUM

A. Cohen | Carole P. Meredith

88. OVERCOMING CROSSING BARRIERS IN TULIPA L.

M.G.M. van Creij | D.M.F.J. Kerckhoffs | J.M. van Tuyl

89. THE USE OF ORYZALIN AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR COLCHICINE IN IN-VITRO CHROMOSOME DOUBLING OF LILIUM AND NERINE

Jaap M. van Tuyl | B. Meijer | Maria P. van Diën

90. RESISTANCE TO TULIP BREAKING VIRUS (TBV) IN TULIP

W. Eikelboom | Joop P. van Eijk | D. Peters | Jaap M. van Tuyl

91. EXAMINATION OF CONDITIONS FOR THE SELECTION OF FLOWER LONGEVITY IN LILY BREEDING.

J. van der Meulen-Muisers | J. van Oeveren | J. van Tuyl | H. van Holsteijn

92. CONDUCTIVITY AND POTASSIUM LEAKAGE AS INDICATORS FOR VIABILITY OF VEGETATIVE MATERIAL OF LILY, ONION AND TULIP

F. J.M. Bonnier | J. Keller | Jaap M. van Tuyl

93. FORMATION OF MULTINUCLEATE LILY MICROSPORES IN CULTURE

R.W. van den Bulk | H.P.J. de Vries-van Hulten | J.J.M. Dons

94. BREEDING OF DAHLIA AND BEGONIA IN SMOLICE

W.J. Legutko

95. MAINTENANCE OF FOUNDATION STOCK OF POLISH GLADIOLUS CULTIVARS

B. Grabowska | K. Fatel

96. DAFFODIL SELECTION IN LATVIA

J. Švarcs

97. BACK TO A TRUE LINE

Edward A. McRae

98. RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF PLANTS TO ROT AND WILT DISEASES CAUSED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM

R.P. Baayen

99. RESISTANCE OF WILD NARCISSUS SPECIES TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. NARCISSI

C. A. Linfield

100. AN ATTEMPT TO PRODUCE AN APOTHECIAL STATE OF BOTRYTIS ELLIPTICA IN VITRO

Gary A. Chastagner | K. L. Riley | Robert P. Doss

101. INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE, INOCULUM CONCENTRATION AND TIME COURSE IN A SCALE TEST FOR FUSARIUM RESISTANCE IN LILIUM

Th.P. Straathof | H. Inggamer

102. DETECTION OF MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISMS IN GLADIOLUS USING MICROSCOPY AND DNA-PROBES

A. Bertaccini | M.G. Bellardi | M. Vibio | I.M. Lee | R.E. Davis

103. THE COURSE OF BEAN YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS ELIMINATION FROM GLADIOLUS BY MERISTEM TIP CULTURE

H. Lilien-Kipnis | A. Stein | S. Levy

104. A COMMERCIAL ELISA TESTING SERVICE FOR BULB GROWERS

D. Munro | G.R. Johnstone

105. INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL WOUNDING OF HIPPEASTRUM X HYBR. HORT. BULBS ON INFECTION BY STAGONOSPORA CURTISII (BERK.) SACC.

A. Saniewska

106. THE OCCURRENCE OF SEVERE LEAF NECROSIS OF FREESIA DURING DIFFERENT TIMES OF CULTIVATION

M. Kaminska

107. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACARID MITES AND BUD NECROSIS IN TULIP BULBS

B. Czajkowska | C.G.M. Conijn

108. OCCURRENCE AND INJURIOUS EFFECTS OF RHIZOGLYPHUS ECHINOPUS – A NEW PEST OF HEMEROCALLIS HYBRIDA

G.S. Labanowski | G. Soika

109. CLASSIFICATION OF ISOLATES OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. GLADIOLI ON THE BASIS OF PATHOGENICITY AND VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY

E.J.A. Roebroeck | J.J. Mes

110. POSSIBILITIES OF THE POTYVIRUS-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF POTYVIRUSES IN BULBOUS CROPS

111. TO A DIFFERENT MODEL OF CROP PROTECTION OF FLOWERBULBS.

J. van Aartrijk

112. BASAL ROT OF NARCISSUS: TRIALS ON SOME PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF FUNGICIDE TREATMENT

G.R. Hanks

113. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PATHOGENS ON ORNAMENTAL BULB PLANTS

L.B. Orlikowski | Cz. Skrzypczak

114. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF FUSARIUM IN GLADIOLUS WITH NON-PATHOGENIC FUSARIUM ISOLATES

E.J.A. Roebroeck | J.J. Mes

115. PRODUCTION OF PATHOGEN-TESTED DAHLIA IN FRANCE

J. Albouy | M. Lemattre | W.C. Wang | A. Mevel

116. THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF GARLIC HOMOGENATE AND AJOENE, A COMPOUND OF GARLIC, ON GROWTH OF STAGONOSPORA CURTISII (BERK.) SACC. IN VITRO

A. Saniewska

117. EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES AND ATPOL EFFECT ON CONTROL OF BOTRYTIS ELLIPTICA(BERK.) COOKE ON FIELD GROWN LILIES

Cz. Skrzypczak

118. HOT-WATER TREATMENT AND COLD STORAGE TO CONTROL THE BULB MITE RHIZOGLYPHUS ROBINI ON LILY BULBS.

C.G.M. Conijn

119. CONTROL OF BOTRYTIS SPP. IN TULIP WITH REDUCED INPUT OF CHEMICAL CROP PROTECTANTS

A.Th.J. Koster | L.J.v.d. Meer

120. USE OF BITREX (METHAZOLE AND PYRIDATE) IN ORNAMENTAL BULB PLANTS

L. Ondrusková | J. Spurny | J. Václavik

121. AN EVALUATION OF HERBICIDES FOR FIELD CULTIVATION OF CROCUS

J. Hetman | H. Laskowska

122. THE PROTECTION OF WILD BULBS AND THE PROPAGATION OF SPECIALTY BULBS IN TURKEY

Robert J. Bogers | Paul J. van Leeuwen

123. THE INDIGENOUS PROPAGATION PROJECT – CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT AND THE WILD BULB TRADE

M.I. Read | B.A. Thomas

124. CONSERVATION OF A GENE POOL OF GENUS ALLIUM L. IN A LIVING COLLECTION IN ISRAEL

R. Kamenetsky

125. THE GENUS LACHENALIA: ITS DISTRIBUTION, CONSERVATION STATUS AND TAXONOMY

G.D. Duncan

126. NEW ENDEMIC BULBOUS PLANTS OF THE ST. PETERSBURG BOTANICAL GARDEN

Marina V. Baranova

127. WILD AND CULTIVATED LILIES IN LATVIA

A. Balode

128. EXPORTED FLOWERBULBS FROM TURKEY AND MEASUREMENTS TAKEN

T. Ekim | N. Arslan | M. Koyuncu

129. SOIL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL GALANTHUS SP. AREAS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN AND BLACK SEA REGION

S. Usta | N. Arslan

130. CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN THE GENUS ORNITHOGALUM L.

G.M. Littlejohn | L.M. Biomerus | R. de V. Pienaar | H.A. van Niekerk

131. POLYMORPHISM IN THE ISOZYME ESTERASE: POSSIBILITIES FOR AN EFFICIENT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM OF TULIP CULTIVARS

G. Booy | T.H.M. Venne | J. van der Schoot

132. DIVERSITY ANALYSIS AND CONSERVATION OF CORYDALIS PUMILA (HOST) RCHB. – AN ENDANGERED SPECIES IN POLAND

J.T. Puchalski