Articles
APPEARANCE, EXPANSION AND CHEMICAL CONTROL OF FIRE BLIGHT (ERWINIA AMYLOVORA) IN ROMANIA
Article number
489_9
Pages
79 – 84
Language
Abstract
Fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) was noticed for the first time in Romania in 1992, in two different locations in the south and south east of the country.
The host species were apple trees and pear trees.
For preventing the spreading of Erwinia amylovora in 1993, the Romanian Ministry of Agriculture and Food issued an Ordinance for monitoring the disease and eradicating the incipient focuses.
However, the disease had a very fast evolution from one year to another, reaching in 1998 a presence in 37 countys (from a total of 41). The most affected were quince trees (varieties Bereczki and De Constantinopol), than pear trees (varieties Aromata de Bistrita, Williams, Cure and Pastravioara) and the third place apple trees (varieties Jonathan, Golden, Starkrimson, Idared). Among prevention measures, the ones recommended and applied were those regarding cultural hygiene, susceptible varieties forbidden to be planted as well as chemical control.
Good results were obtained by using chemicals containing copper hydroxide such as Kocide 101, Champion 50 WP, Funguran OH (0.3 % concentration) in pre-flowering period; 2–3 treatments using chemicals containing aluminum phosetil such as Aliette 80 WP and Alfonat 70 WP (0.3 and 0.35 %) and antibiotics as Kasumin 2 L (0.2 %) in flowering period, and in the growing period treatments with copper chemicals (0.04 %).
The host species were apple trees and pear trees.
For preventing the spreading of Erwinia amylovora in 1993, the Romanian Ministry of Agriculture and Food issued an Ordinance for monitoring the disease and eradicating the incipient focuses.
However, the disease had a very fast evolution from one year to another, reaching in 1998 a presence in 37 countys (from a total of 41). The most affected were quince trees (varieties Bereczki and De Constantinopol), than pear trees (varieties Aromata de Bistrita, Williams, Cure and Pastravioara) and the third place apple trees (varieties Jonathan, Golden, Starkrimson, Idared). Among prevention measures, the ones recommended and applied were those regarding cultural hygiene, susceptible varieties forbidden to be planted as well as chemical control.
Good results were obtained by using chemicals containing copper hydroxide such as Kocide 101, Champion 50 WP, Funguran OH (0.3 % concentration) in pre-flowering period; 2–3 treatments using chemicals containing aluminum phosetil such as Aliette 80 WP and Alfonat 70 WP (0.3 and 0.35 %) and antibiotics as Kasumin 2 L (0.2 %) in flowering period, and in the growing period treatments with copper chemicals (0.04 %).
Publication
Authors
V. Severin, F. Constantinescu, F. Jianu
Keywords
apple trees, pear trees, quince trees, chemical control, Romania
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